feat: add canvas rework

.gitmodules

@@ -54,3 +54,6 @@
 [submodule "destrum/third_party/imguizmo"]
 	path = destrum/third_party/imguizmo
 	url = https://github.com/CedricGuillemet/ImGuizmo.git
+[submodule "destrum/third_party/openal-soft"]
+	path = destrum/third_party/openal-soft
+	url = https://github.com/kcat/openal-soft.git

CMakeLists.txt

@@ -8,6 +8,12 @@ set(CMAKE_CXX_EXTENSIONS OFF)
 include(CTest)
 
 option(DESTRUM_ENABLE_WARNINGS "Enable warnings for first-party targets" ON)
+option(DESTRUM_STRICT_ASSET_COOKING "Fail the build when an asset falls back to its source instead of being cooked" ON)
+
+set(DESTRUM_CHEF_FLAGS)
+if (DESTRUM_STRICT_ASSET_COOKING)
+    list(APPEND DESTRUM_CHEF_FLAGS --strict)
+endif()
 
 function(destrum_enable_warnings target)
     if (NOT DESTRUM_ENABLE_WARNINGS)
@@ -27,6 +33,7 @@ if (MSVC)
 endif()
 
 add_subdirectory(destrum)
+add_subdirectory(editor)
 add_subdirectory(lightkeeper)
 add_subdirectory(TheChef)
 
@@ -37,6 +44,7 @@ endif()
 
 destrum_enable_warnings(destrum_assets)
 destrum_enable_warnings(destrum)
+destrum_enable_warnings(destrum_editor)
 destrum_enable_warnings(lightkeeper)
 
 add_custom_target(CleanupAssets
@@ -53,10 +61,19 @@ add_dependencies(CookAssets
         _internal_cook_engine_assets
 )
 
+add_custom_target(Export)
+add_dependencies(Export _internal_export_lightkeeper)
+
+add_custom_target(ValidateAssets)
+add_dependencies(ValidateAssets
+        _internal_validate_game_assets
+        _internal_validate_engine_assets
+)
+
 option(ENABLE_SANITIZERS "Enable Address/Undefined sanitizers" OFF)
 
 if (ENABLE_SANITIZERS AND CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER_ID MATCHES "Clang|GNU")
-    foreach(target destrum lightkeeper)
+    foreach(target destrum destrum_editor lightkeeper)
         target_compile_options(${target} PRIVATE
                 -fsanitize=address,undefined
                 -fno-omit-frame-pointer

Readme.md

@@ -12,6 +12,10 @@ Destrum is a C++20 Vulkan rendering/game-engine playground. It contains the core
 * Skeletal animation support
 * Skybox/cubemap rendering
 * Asset cooking pipeline for engine and game assets
+* Editor library: docked viewport, play/pause/stop, undo/redo, click to select, gizmos, asset browser
+* Stable asset ids (`.meta` files) and material files (`.dmat`)
+* HDR rendering with exposure and tonemapping (ACES, Khronos PBR Neutral)
+* 3D audio through OpenAL Soft (`AudioSource` / `AudioListener`, WAV and OGG)
 * CMake-based build setup with third-party dependencies as submodules
 
 ## Repository layout
@@ -24,6 +28,8 @@ Destrum is a C++20 Vulkan rendering/game-engine playground. It contains the core
 │   ├── src/        # Engine implementation
 │   ├── assets_src/ # Source engine assets
 │   └── third_party/# Vendored/submodule dependencies
+├── editor/         # Editor library (destrum::editor), attached to a game at startup
+├── docs/           # How the engine pieces work
 ├── lightkeeper/    # Demo/game executable using Destrum
 │   ├── include/
 │   ├── src/
@@ -52,7 +58,8 @@ Most dependencies are included as Git submodules:
 * GLM
 * nlohmann/json
 * spdlog
-* stb
+* stb (image, vorbis)
+* OpenAL Soft
 * tinygltf
 * tinyexr
 * Assimp
@@ -111,6 +118,16 @@ cmake --build build --target ValidateShaders
 `CookAssets` processes both engine and game assets. `CleanupAssets` removes generated runtime asset output.
 `ValidateShaders` runs `spirv-val` over the cooked engine shaders when the Vulkan SDK provides it.
 
+Export a folder other people can run (the game, its DLLs and every cooked asset packed into one `assets.dpak`):
+
+```bash
+cmake --build build --config Release --target Export
+```
+
+It ends up in `build/export/Release/lightkeeper/`, plus a `lightkeeper.zip` next to it. On Windows, `export.bat` does
+the same and opens the folder. `TheChef --list build/export/Release/lightkeeper/assets.dpak` shows what takes up the
+space. See `docs/CookedAssets.md`.
+
 Install the application, engine library, public headers, and runtime assets:
 
 ```bash
@@ -119,7 +136,7 @@ cmake --install build --config Release
 
 ## Demo app
 
-`lightkeeper` is the current demo application. It creates an SDL window, initializes the Destrum app, loads assets, sets up a scene, renders meshes, skyboxes, and a skinned animated character.
+`lightkeeper` is the current demo application. It loads its level from `lightkeeper/assets_src/scenes/main.scene` and starts in the editor. Press F5 to play, or run `lightkeeper --game` to skip the editor. See `docs/Editor.md`.
 
 ## Development notes
 
@@ -134,9 +151,11 @@ destrum::destrum
 Game/demo targets can link against it:
 
 ```cmake
-target_link_libraries(my_game PRIVATE destrum::destrum)
+target_link_libraries(my_game PRIVATE destrum::destrum destrum::editor)
 ```
 
+The editor is optional, a game without it links only `destrum::destrum`.
+
 ## License
 
 Do what you want dawgs :pray:

destrum/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ add_subdirectory(third_party)
 add_library(destrum_assets
         "src/Assets/ModelFile.cpp"
         "src/Assets/TextureFile.cpp"
+        "src/Assets/PackFile.cpp"
 )
 
 add_library(destrum::assets ALIAS destrum_assets)
@@ -36,10 +37,16 @@ set(SRC_FILES
         "src/Event.cpp"
         "src/Window.cpp"
 
+        "src/Audio/AudioDecoder.cpp"
+        "src/Audio/AudioSystem.cpp"
+
         "src/Components/Animator.cpp"
+        "src/Components/AudioListener.cpp"
+        "src/Components/AudioSource.cpp"
         "src/Components/CameraComponent.cpp"
         "src/Components/LightComponent.cpp"
         "src/Components/MeshRendererComponent.cpp"
+        "src/Components/MeshRendererInspector.cpp"
         "src/Components/Rotator.cpp"
         "src/Components/Spinner.cpp"
         "src/Components/OrbitAndSpin.cpp"
@@ -48,6 +55,10 @@ set(SRC_FILES
         "src/Components/Physics/BoxCollider.cpp"
         "src/Components/Physics/CapsuleCollider.cpp"
         "src/Components/Physics/Collider.cpp"
+        "src/Components/Physics/ConvexHullCollider.cpp"
+        "src/Components/Physics/CylinderCollider.cpp"
+        "src/Components/Physics/MeshCollider.cpp"
+        "src/Components/Physics/MeshShapeCollider.cpp"
         "src/Components/Physics/SphereCollider.cpp"
 
         "src/Components/UI/Canvas.cpp"
@@ -58,11 +69,13 @@ set(SRC_FILES
         "src/Graphics/BindlessSetManager.cpp"
         "src/Graphics/Camera.cpp"
         "src/Graphics/DebugDraw.cpp"
+        "src/Graphics/DeletionQueue.cpp"
         "src/Graphics/ComputePipeline.cpp"
         "src/Graphics/Frustum.cpp"
         "src/Graphics/GfxDevice.cpp"
         "src/Graphics/Caches/ImageCache.cpp"
         "src/Graphics/ImageLoader.cpp"
+        "src/Graphics/IndirectDrawList.cpp"
         "src/Graphics/ImmediateExecuter.cpp"
         "src/Graphics/Init.cpp"
         "src/Graphics/Caches/MaterialCache.cpp"
@@ -72,7 +85,6 @@ set(SRC_FILES
         "src/Graphics/Swapchain.cpp"
         "src/Graphics/Util.cpp"
         "src/Graphics/RenderResources.cpp"
-        "src/Graphics/ResourcesInspector.cpp"
 
         "src/Graphics/Managers/VulkanInstanceManager.cpp"
         "src/Graphics/Managers/MemoryManager.cpp"
@@ -96,6 +108,7 @@ set(SRC_FILES
         "src/Graphics/Pipelines/ShadowMapPipeline.cpp"
         "src/Graphics/Pipelines/SkinningPipeline.cpp"
         "src/Graphics/Pipelines/ImguiPass.cpp"
+        "src/Graphics/Pipelines/PostProcessPipeline.cpp"
 
         "src/Input/InputManager.cpp"
 
@@ -108,26 +121,29 @@ set(SRC_FILES
         "src/Scene/Scene.cpp"
         "src/Scene/SceneManager.cpp"
         "src/Scene/ModelSpawner.cpp"
+        "src/Scene/ResourceCollector.cpp"
 
         "src/FS/AssetFS.cpp"
         "src/FS/Manifest.cpp"
 
         "src/Assets/AssetManager.cpp"
+        "src/Assets/AssetDatabase.cpp"
 
         "src/Serialization/SceneSerializer.cpp"
         "src/Serialization/ObjectSerialization.cpp"
         "src/Serialization/PrefabSerializer.cpp"
+        "src/Serialization/MaterialSerialization.cpp"
         "src/Serialization/PrefabCache.cpp"
         "src/Serialization/ComponentRegistry.cpp"
+        "src/Serialization/Reflect.cpp"
 
         "src/Util/DeltaTime.cpp"
         "src/Util/ImGuiUtils.cpp"
-        "src/Util/TransformGizmo.cpp"
+
-        "src/Util/RectGizmo.cpp"
+        "src/Threading/JobSystem.cpp"
-        "src/Util/SceneInspector.cpp"
 
         "src/Physics/PhysicsWorld.cpp"
-        "src/Physics/SimplePhysicsWorld.cpp"
+        "src/Physics/PhysicsMeshCache.cpp"
         "src/Physics/PhysicsSceneBridge.cpp"
         "src/Physics/JoltPhysicsWorld.cpp"
 )
@@ -170,6 +186,8 @@ target_link_libraries(destrum
         PRIVATE
         freetype::freetype
         tinyexr
+        OpenAL::OpenAL
+        stb::vorbis
 )
 
 target_compile_definitions(destrum
@@ -216,10 +234,21 @@ add_custom_target(_internal_cook_engine_assets
         COMMAND TheChef
         --input  "${ASSETS_SRC_DIR}"
         --output "${ASSETS_RUNTIME_DIR}"
+        ${DESTRUM_CHEF_FLAGS}
         DEPENDS TheChef ${ENGINE_ASSET_SOURCES}
         VERBATIM
 )
 
+add_custom_target(_internal_validate_engine_assets
+        COMMAND TheChef
+        --input  "${ASSETS_SRC_DIR}"
+        --output "${ASSETS_RUNTIME_DIR}"
+        --validate
+        ${DESTRUM_CHEF_FLAGS}
+        DEPENDS _internal_cook_engine_assets
+        VERBATIM
+)
+
 find_program(SPIRV_VAL_EXECUTABLE NAMES spirv-val spirv-val.exe)
 if (SPIRV_VAL_EXECUTABLE)
     file(GLOB_RECURSE ENGINE_SHADER_SOURCES CONFIGURE_DEPENDS
@@ -232,6 +261,7 @@ if (SPIRV_VAL_EXECUTABLE)
         file(RELATIVE_PATH shader_relative "${ASSETS_SRC_DIR}" "${shader_source}")
         list(APPEND VALIDATE_SHADER_COMMANDS
                 COMMAND "${SPIRV_VAL_EXECUTABLE}"
+                --target-env vulkan1.3 --scalar-block-layout
                 "${ASSETS_RUNTIME_DIR}/${shader_relative}.spv")
     endforeach()
 
@@ -269,6 +299,54 @@ function(destrum_cook_engine_assets GAME_TARGET GAME_OUTPUT_DIR)
     install(DIRECTORY "${_engine_runtime}/" DESTINATION "bin/assets/engine")
 endfunction()
 
+# A folder (and zip) other people can run: the game exe, its DLLs and every cooked asset packed into assets.dpak
+function(destrum_add_export GAME_TARGET GAME_RUNTIME_DIR)
+    set(_engine_runtime "${CMAKE_CURRENT_FUNCTION_LIST_DIR}/assets_runtime")
+    set(_export_root "${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/export/$<CONFIG>")
+    set(_export_dir "${_export_root}/${GAME_TARGET}")
+
+    # The release VC++ runtime ships app-local, debug builds only run where Visual Studio is installed
+    set(_system_libs)
+    if (MSVC)
+        set(CMAKE_INSTALL_SYSTEM_RUNTIME_LIBS_SKIP TRUE)
+        include(InstallRequiredSystemLibraries)
+        set(_system_libs "$<$<NOT:$<CONFIG:Debug>>:${CMAKE_INSTALL_SYSTEM_RUNTIME_LIBS}>")
+    endif()
+
+    add_custom_target(_internal_export_${GAME_TARGET}
+            COMMAND ${CMAKE_COMMAND} -E rm -rf "${_export_dir}" "${_export_dir}.zip"
+            COMMAND ${CMAKE_COMMAND} -E make_directory "${_export_dir}"
+            COMMAND TheChef
+            --pack "${_export_dir}/assets.dpak"
+            --mount "engine=${_engine_runtime}"
+            --mount "game=${GAME_RUNTIME_DIR}"
+            COMMAND TheChef --list "${_export_dir}/assets.dpak" --top 10
+            COMMAND ${CMAKE_COMMAND} -E copy -t "${_export_dir}"
+            "$<TARGET_FILE:${GAME_TARGET}>"
+            "$<TARGET_RUNTIME_DLLS:${GAME_TARGET}>"
+            "${_system_libs}"
+            COMMAND ${CMAKE_COMMAND} -E chdir "${_export_root}"
+            ${CMAKE_COMMAND} -E tar cf "${GAME_TARGET}.zip" --format=zip "${GAME_TARGET}"
+            COMMAND ${CMAKE_COMMAND} -E echo "Exported ${GAME_TARGET} to ${_export_dir}"
+            COMMAND_EXPAND_LISTS
+            VERBATIM
+    )
+    add_dependencies(_internal_export_${GAME_TARGET} ${GAME_TARGET})
+endfunction()
+
+# OpenAL is a DLL, every exe that links the engine needs a copy next to it
+function(destrum_copy_runtime_dlls TARGET)
+    if (WIN32)
+        add_custom_command(TARGET ${TARGET} POST_BUILD
+                COMMAND ${CMAKE_COMMAND} -E copy_if_different
+                $<TARGET_RUNTIME_DLLS:${TARGET}> $<TARGET_FILE_DIR:${TARGET}>
+                COMMAND_EXPAND_LISTS
+        )
+    endif()
+endfunction()
+
+install(FILES $<TARGET_FILE:OpenAL::OpenAL> DESTINATION bin)
+
 install(TARGETS destrum destrum_assets
         ARCHIVE DESTINATION lib
         LIBRARY DESTINATION lib

destrum/assets_src/chef.json

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+{
+    "allowFallback": [
+        "run.fbx"
+    ]
+}

destrum/assets_src/cotw-capybara-male/source/capybara.fbx.meta

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+{
+    "guid": "a09100c14a67b3840518b68b93fbadda"
+}

destrum/assets_src/flight-helmet/FlightHelmet.gltf.meta

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+{
+    "guid": "0407d177c8487bca092ffb7fd4d47aa2"
+}

destrum/assets_src/grass.jpg.meta

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+{
+    "guid": "78d91a725664c8b815531d55bc62683f"
+}

destrum/assets_src/shaders/instance_data.glsl

@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+#ifndef INSTANCE_DATA_GLSL
+#define INSTANCE_DATA_GLSL
+
+#extension GL_EXT_buffer_reference : require
+#extension GL_EXT_scalar_block_layout : require
+
+#include "vertex.glsl"
+
+// Must match GPUInstanceData in IndirectDrawList.h
+struct InstanceData {
+    mat4 transform;
+    VertexBuffer vertexBuffer;
+    uint materialID;
+    uint objectID;
+};
+
+layout (buffer_reference, scalar) readonly buffer InstanceBuffer {
+    InstanceData instances[];
+};
+
+#endif // INSTANCE_DATA_GLSL

destrum/assets_src/shaders/mesh.frag

@@ -12,9 +12,24 @@ layout (location = 0) in vec3 inPos;
 layout (location = 1) in vec2 inUV;
 layout (location = 2) in vec3 inNormal;
 layout (location = 3) in vec4 inTangent;
+layout (location = 4) flat in uint inMaterialID;
+layout (location = 5) flat in uint inObjectID;
 
 layout (location = 0) out vec4 outFragColor;
 
+// Stable per object, the same object keeps its color between frames and runs
+vec3 selectionColor(uint objectID)
+{
+    if (objectID == 0u) {
+        return vec3(0.0);
+    }
+    uint hash = objectID * 2654435761u;
+    hash ^= hash >> 15;
+    hash *= 2246822519u;
+    hash ^= hash >> 13;
+    return vec3(hash & 255u, (hash >> 8) & 255u, (hash >> 16) & 255u) / 255.0;
+}
+
 vec3 calculateNormal(MaterialData material, uint samplerID)
 {
     vec3 n = normalize(inNormal);
@@ -62,7 +77,7 @@ float calculateShadow(Light light, vec3 fragPos, vec3 geometryNormal)
 
 void main()
 {
-    MaterialData material = pcs.sceneData.materials.data[pcs.materialID];
+    MaterialData material = pcs.sceneData.materials.data[inMaterialID];
     uint samplerID = material.textureFilteringMode;
 
     vec4 diffuse = sampleTexture2D(material.diffuseTex, samplerID, inUV) * material.baseColor;
@@ -126,6 +141,10 @@ void main()
         fragColor = mix(fragColor, lightHeatmapColor(tileLightCount), 0.5);
     }
 
+    if (pcs.sceneData.debugSelectionView != 0) {
+        fragColor = selectionColor(inObjectID & 0x7FFFFFFFu);
+    }
+
     #if 0
     // TANGENT DEBUG
     if (inTangent == vec4(0.0)) {

destrum/assets_src/shaders/mesh.vert

@@ -8,6 +8,8 @@ layout (location = 0) out vec3 outPos;
 layout (location = 1) out vec2 outUV;
 layout (location = 2) out vec3 outNormal;
 layout (location = 3) out vec4 outTangent;
+layout (location = 4) flat out uint outMaterialID;
+layout (location = 5) flat out uint outObjectID;
 
 // The depth pre-pass reuses this shader, positions have to match bit for bit
 // so the main pass can depth test against it with LESS_OR_EQUAL
@@ -15,9 +17,11 @@ invariant gl_Position;
 
 void main()
 {
-    Vertex v = pcs.vertexBuffer.vertices[gl_VertexIndex];
+    // gl_InstanceIndex already includes the indirect command's firstInstance
+    InstanceData instance = pcs.instanceBuffer.instances[gl_InstanceIndex];
+    Vertex v = instance.vertexBuffer.vertices[gl_VertexIndex];
 
-    vec4 worldPos = pcs.transform * vec4(v.position, 1.0f);
+    vec4 worldPos = instance.transform * vec4(v.position, 1.0f);
 
     gl_Position = pcs.sceneData.viewProj * worldPos;
     outPos = worldPos.xyz;
@@ -25,9 +29,11 @@ void main()
     // A bit inefficient, but okay - this is needed for non-uniform scale
     // models. See: http://www.lighthouse3d.com/tutorials/glsl-12-tutorial/the-normal-matrix/
     // Simpler case, when everything is uniform
-    // outNormal = (pcs.transform * vec4(v.normal, 0.0)).xyz;
+    // outNormal = (instance.transform * vec4(v.normal, 0.0)).xyz;
-    outNormal = mat3(transpose(inverse(pcs.transform))) * v.normal;
+    outNormal = mat3(transpose(inverse(instance.transform))) * v.normal;
 
     // w is the bitangent sign, the fragment shader builds the TBN from the interpolated vectors
-    outTangent = vec4(mat3(pcs.transform) * v.tangent.xyz, v.tangent.w);
+    outTangent = vec4(mat3(instance.transform) * v.tangent.xyz, v.tangent.w);
+    outMaterialID = instance.materialID;
+    outObjectID = instance.objectID;
 }

destrum/assets_src/shaders/mesh_pcs.glsl

@@ -2,14 +2,10 @@
 #extension GL_EXT_scalar_block_layout: require
 
 #include "scene_data.glsl"
-#include "vertex.glsl"
+#include "instance_data.glsl"
 
 layout (push_constant, scalar) uniform constants
 {
-    mat4 transform;
     SceneDataBuffer sceneData;
-    VertexBuffer vertexBuffer;
+    InstanceBuffer instanceBuffer;
-    uint materialID;
-    uint padding;
 } pcs;
-

destrum/assets_src/shaders/post.frag

@@ -0,0 +1,115 @@
+#version 460
+
+#extension GL_GOOGLE_include_directive : require
+#extension GL_EXT_nonuniform_qualifier : enable
+
+#include "bindless.glsl"
+
+// The selection image is R32_UINT, read through the same bindless array as an unsigned texture
+layout (set = 0, binding = 0) uniform utexture2D uintTextures[];
+
+layout (location = 0) in vec2 inUV;
+layout (location = 0) out vec4 outColor;
+
+// Must match PostProcessPipeline::PushConstants and the Tonemapper enum
+#define TONEMAPPER_NONE 0
+#define TONEMAPPER_ACES 1
+#define TONEMAPPER_PBR_NEUTRAL 2
+#define NO_TEXTURE 0xFFFFFFFFu
+#define SELECTED_FLAG 0x80000000u
+
+layout (push_constant) uniform PostPushConstants {
+    uint sceneColorTexture;
+    uint selectionTexture;
+    uint tonemapper;
+    float exposure;
+    ivec2 hoverPixel;
+} pcs;
+
+// Narkowicz 2015, a fit of the ACES filmic curve
+vec3 tonemapAces(vec3 color)
+{
+    const float a = 2.51;
+    const float b = 0.03;
+    const float c = 2.43;
+    const float d = 0.59;
+    const float e = 0.14;
+    return clamp((color * (a * color + b)) / (color * (c * color + d) + e), 0.0, 1.0);
+}
+
+// Khronos PBR Neutral, keeps base colors as they are up to about 0.8 and only rolls off the highlights
+vec3 tonemapPbrNeutral(vec3 color)
+{
+    const float startCompression = 0.8 - 0.04;
+    const float desaturation = 0.15;
+
+    float x = min(color.r, min(color.g, color.b));
+    float offset = x < 0.08 ? x - 6.25 * x * x : 0.04;
+    color -= offset;
+
+    float peak = max(color.r, max(color.g, color.b));
+    if (peak < startCompression) {
+        return color;
+    }
+
+    const float d = 1.0 - startCompression;
+    float newPeak = 1.0 - d * d / (peak + d - startCompression);
+    color *= newPeak / peak;
+
+    float g = 1.0 - 1.0 / (desaturation * (peak - newPeak) + 1.0);
+    return mix(color, vec3(newPeak), g);
+}
+
+uint objectAt(ivec2 pixel, ivec2 size)
+{
+    pixel = clamp(pixel, ivec2(0), size - 1);
+    return texelFetch(nonuniformEXT(usampler2D(uintTextures[pcs.selectionTexture], samplers[NEAREST_SAMPLER_ID])), pixel, 0).r;
+}
+
+vec3 applyOutlines(vec3 color, ivec2 pixel)
+{
+    if (pcs.selectionTexture == NO_TEXTURE) {
+        return color;
+    }
+
+    ivec2 size = textureSize(nonuniformEXT(usampler2D(uintTextures[pcs.selectionTexture], samplers[NEAREST_SAMPLER_ID])), 0);
+    uint center = objectAt(pixel, size);
+    uint hovered = pcs.hoverPixel.x >= 0 ? (objectAt(pcs.hoverPixel, size) & ~SELECTED_FLAG) : 0u;
+
+    bool selectedEdge = false;
+    bool hoveredEdge = false;
+    for (int y = -2; y <= 2; ++y) {
+        for (int x = -2; x <= 2; ++x) {
+            if (abs(x) + abs(y) > 3) {
+                continue;
+            }
+            uint neighbor = objectAt(pixel + ivec2(x, y), size);
+            selectedEdge = selectedEdge || ((neighbor & SELECTED_FLAG) != 0u && (center & SELECTED_FLAG) == 0u);
+            hoveredEdge = hoveredEdge || (hovered != 0u && (neighbor & ~SELECTED_FLAG) == hovered &&
+                                          (center & ~SELECTED_FLAG) != hovered);
+        }
+    }
+
+    if (selectedEdge) {
+        return vec3(1.0, 0.55, 0.1);
+    }
+    if (hoveredEdge) {
+        return mix(color, vec3(1.0), 0.65);
+    }
+    return color;
+}
+
+void main()
+{
+    ivec2 pixel = ivec2(gl_FragCoord.xy);
+    vec3 color = texelFetch(nonuniformEXT(sampler2D(textures[pcs.sceneColorTexture], samplers[NEAREST_SAMPLER_ID])), pixel, 0).rgb;
+    color *= pcs.exposure;
+
+    if (pcs.tonemapper == TONEMAPPER_ACES) {
+        color = tonemapAces(color);
+    } else if (pcs.tonemapper == TONEMAPPER_PBR_NEUTRAL) {
+        color = tonemapPbrNeutral(color);
+    }
+
+    outColor = vec4(applyOutlines(clamp(color, 0.0, 1.0), pixel), 1.0);
+}

destrum/assets_src/shaders/scene_data.glsl

@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ layout (buffer_reference, scalar) readonly buffer SceneDataBuffer {
     // directional shadows
     uint shadowMapId;
     float shadowNormalOffset;
-    uint padding;
+    uint debugSelectionView;
     mat4 lightViewProj;
 
     // spot shadows

destrum/assets_src/shaders/selection.frag

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+#version 460
+
+// Same interface as mesh.vert, only the object ID is used
+layout (location = 0) in vec3 inPos;
+layout (location = 1) in vec2 inUV;
+layout (location = 2) in vec3 inNormal;
+layout (location = 3) in vec4 inTangent;
+layout (location = 4) flat in uint inMaterialID;
+layout (location = 5) flat in uint inObjectID;
+
+layout (location = 0) out uint outObjectID;
+
+void main()
+{
+    outObjectID = inObjectID;
+}

destrum/assets_src/shaders/shadow.vert

@@ -4,17 +4,18 @@
 #extension GL_EXT_buffer_reference : require
 #extension GL_EXT_scalar_block_layout : require
 
-#include "vertex.glsl"
+#include "instance_data.glsl"
 
 layout (push_constant, scalar) uniform constants
 {
-    mat4 modelToLightClip;
+    mat4 lightViewProj;
-    VertexBuffer vertexBuffer;
+    InstanceBuffer instanceBuffer;
 } pcs;
 
 void main()
 {
-    Vertex v = pcs.vertexBuffer.vertices[gl_VertexIndex];
+    InstanceData instance = pcs.instanceBuffer.instances[gl_InstanceIndex];
+    Vertex v = instance.vertexBuffer.vertices[gl_VertexIndex];
 
-    gl_Position = pcs.modelToLightClip * vec4(v.position, 1.0f);
+    gl_Position = pcs.lightViewProj * instance.transform * vec4(v.position, 1.0f);
 }

destrum/assets_src/tree/base.obj.meta

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+{
+    "guid": "c2f1f9dcb185460c6d685c17d7ec4f82"
+}

destrum/include/destrum/App.h

@@ -1,22 +1,22 @@
 #ifndef APP_H
 #define APP_H
-#include <filesystem>
+
 #include <chrono>
+#include <filesystem>
+#include <memory>
 #include <string>
 
-#include "glm/vec2.hpp"
+#include <glm/vec2.hpp>
-
-#include <SDL2/SDL.h>
 
+#include <destrum/AppLayer.h>
 #include <destrum/Window.h>
+#include <destrum/Graphics/Camera.h>
 #include <destrum/Graphics/GfxDevice.h>
 #include <destrum/Graphics/Renderer.h>
+#include <destrum/Graphics/RenderResources.h>
 #include <destrum/Graphics/Pipelines/ImguiPass.h>
-#include <destrum/Graphics/ResourcesInspector.h>
-
 #include <destrum/Input/InputManager.h>
 
-
 class App {
 public:
     struct AppParams {
@@ -25,28 +25,57 @@ public:
         std::string appName{"Destrum App"};
         std::string windowTitle;
         std::filesystem::path exeDir;
-        bool showDebugUi{true};
         WindowMode windowMode{WindowMode::Windowed};
         bool startMaximized{false};
     };
 
+    struct SimulationControls {
+        bool paused{false};
+        bool stepOnce{false};
+        float timeScale{1.0f};
+        int stepsLastFrame{0};
+        float accumulator{0.0f};
+        float fixedDeltaTime{0.0f};
+    };
+
     App();
     virtual ~App();
 
+    App(const App&) = delete;
+    App& operator=(const App&) = delete;
+
     void init(const AppParams& params);
+    void attachLayer(std::unique_ptr<AppLayer> layer);
     void run();
     void cleanup();
 
     virtual void customInit() = 0;
-    virtual void customUpdate(float dt) = 0;
+    virtual void customUpdate(float) {}
-    virtual void customDraw() = 0;
+    virtual void customFixedUpdate(float) {}
+    virtual void customRender(GameRenderer&) {}
     virtual void customCleanup() {}
-    virtual void customFixedUpdate(float dt) = 0;
-
-    virtual void onWindowResize(int, int) {};
-
-    // Called inside the "Windows" menu of the main menu bar, add toggles for the game's own windows here
     virtual void customWindowsMenu() {}
+    virtual void onWindowResize(int, int) {}
+    virtual void onPlayModeChanged(bool) {}
+    [[nodiscard]] virtual Camera* gameCamera() { return nullptr; }
+
+    [[nodiscard]] bool isPlaying() const;
+    [[nodiscard]] bool isPaused() const;
+
+    [[nodiscard]] Window& getWindow() { return window; }
+    [[nodiscard]] GfxDevice& getGfxDevice() { return gfxDevice; }
+    [[nodiscard]] GameRenderer& getRenderer() { return renderer; }
+    [[nodiscard]] RenderResources& getResources() { return resources; }
+    [[nodiscard]] ImguiPass& getImguiPass() { return imguiPass; }
+    [[nodiscard]] const AppParams& getParams() const { return m_params; }
+    [[nodiscard]] SimulationControls& getSimulation() { return simulation; }
+    [[nodiscard]] float getAverageFps() const { return avgFPS; }
+    [[nodiscard]] float getRenderAspectRatio() const;
+
+    [[nodiscard]] Camera& getViewCamera();
+    void resizeRenderTarget(const glm::ivec2& size);
+    void collectUnusedResources();
+    void requestQuit() { isRunning = false; }
 
 protected:
     Window window;
@@ -55,44 +84,29 @@ protected:
     GfxDevice gfxDevice;
     GameRenderer renderer;
     RenderResources resources;
-
     ImguiPass imguiPass;
 
-    Camera camera{glm::vec3(0.f, 0.f, -5.f), glm::vec3(0, 1, 0)};
+    bool cleanedUp{false};
+
+private:
+    void initDevices();
+    void processEvents();
+    void runFixedSteps();
+    void handleSwapchainResize(bool& skipFrame);
+    void renderFrame();
+
+    std::unique_ptr<AppLayer> layer;
+    Camera fallbackCamera{glm::vec3{0.0f, 2.0f, -5.0f}, glm::vec3{0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f}};
+    SimulationControls simulation{};
 
     bool isRunning{false};
-    bool cleanedUp{false};
     bool cleaningUp{false};
     bool customInitStarted{false};
-    bool gamePaused{false};
-
     bool frameLimit{false};
-    float frameTime{0.f};
+    float avgFPS{0.0f};
-    float avgFPS{0.f};
 
-    bool resizePending = false;
+    bool resizePending{false};
     std::chrono::steady_clock::time_point lastResizeTime{};
-
-    bool m_PhysicsPaused = false;
-    bool m_PhysicsStepOnce = false;
-
-    float m_PhysicsTimeScale = 1.0f;
-    int m_PhysicsStepsLastFrame = 0;
-
-    struct DebugWindows {
-        bool stats{true};
-        bool physics{true};
-        bool inspector{true};
-        bool imageCache{false};
-    };
-
-    DebugWindows m_DebugWindows{};
-    ResourcesInspector m_ResourcesInspector;
-
-    void drawWindowsMenu();
-    void drawPhysicsPanel(float dt, float fixedDt, float accumulator);
-
 };
 
-
+#endif // APP_H
-#endif //APP_H

destrum/include/destrum/AppLayer.h

@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+#ifndef DESTRUM_APPLAYER_H
+#define DESTRUM_APPLAYER_H
+
+#include <optional>
+
+#include <destrum/Components/UI/CanvasFrame.h>
+
+class Camera;
+class GameRenderer;
+
+class AppLayer {
+public:
+    struct InputFocus {
+        bool mouse{false};
+        bool keyboard{false};
+    };
+
+    virtual ~AppLayer() = default;
+
+    virtual void onAttach() {}
+    virtual void onDetach() {}
+
+    virtual void onBeginFrame() {}
+    virtual void onImGuiBegin(float) {}
+    virtual void onImGui(float) {}
+    virtual void onEndFrame() {}
+    virtual void onRender(GameRenderer&) {}
+
+    [[nodiscard]] virtual Camera* viewCamera() { return nullptr; }
+    [[nodiscard]] virtual bool hostsViewport() const { return false; }
+    [[nodiscard]] virtual InputFocus gameInputFocus() const { return {}; }
+    [[nodiscard]] virtual std::optional<CanvasFrame> canvasFrame() const { return std::nullopt; }
+};
+
+#endif // DESTRUM_APPLAYER_H

destrum/include/destrum/Assets/AssetDatabase.h

@@ -0,0 +1,64 @@
+#ifndef DESTRUM_ASSETDATABASE_H
+#define DESTRUM_ASSETDATABASE_H
+
+#include <compare>
+#include <cstdint>
+#include <functional>
+#include <optional>
+#include <string>
+#include <string_view>
+#include <unordered_map>
+
+#include <nlohmann/json.hpp>
+
+#include <destrum/Assets/AssetReference.h>
+#include <destrum/Singleton.h>
+
+struct AssetGuid {
+    std::uint64_t high{0};
+    std::uint64_t low{0};
+
+    [[nodiscard]] static AssetGuid Generate();
+    [[nodiscard]] static std::optional<AssetGuid> Parse(std::string_view text);
+    [[nodiscard]] std::string ToString() const;
+    [[nodiscard]] bool IsValid() const { return high != 0 || low != 0; }
+
+    auto operator<=>(const AssetGuid&) const = default;
+};
+
+template <>
+struct std::hash<AssetGuid> {
+    std::size_t operator()(const AssetGuid& guid) const noexcept
+    {
+        return std::hash<std::uint64_t>{}(guid.high ^ (guid.low * 0x9E3779B97F4A7C15ull));
+    }
+};
+
+class AssetDatabase final : public Singleton<AssetDatabase> {
+public:
+    class MetaFileScope {
+    public:
+        MetaFileScope();
+        ~MetaFileScope();
+        MetaFileScope(const MetaFileScope&) = delete;
+        MetaFileScope& operator=(const MetaFileScope&) = delete;
+    };
+
+    void Refresh();
+    void Clear();
+    void Register(std::string_view path, const AssetGuid& guid);
+
+    [[nodiscard]] std::optional<AssetGuid> FindGuid(std::string_view path) const;
+    [[nodiscard]] std::optional<std::string> FindPath(const AssetGuid& guid) const;
+    std::optional<AssetGuid> GuidForSave(std::string_view path);
+
+    [[nodiscard]] nlohmann::json WriteReference(std::string_view path, std::string_view subresource = {});
+    [[nodiscard]] std::optional<AssetReference> ReadReference(const nlohmann::json& reference) const;
+
+private:
+    std::unordered_map<std::string, AssetGuid> m_Guids;
+    std::unordered_map<AssetGuid, std::string> m_Paths;
+    int m_MetaFileScopes{0};
+};
+
+#endif // DESTRUM_ASSETDATABASE_H

destrum/include/destrum/Assets/AssetTypes.h

@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+#ifndef DESTRUM_ASSETTYPES_H
+#define DESTRUM_ASSETTYPES_H
+
+#include <algorithm>
+#include <cctype>
+#include <filesystem>
+#include <initializer_list>
+#include <string>
+#include <string_view>
+
+namespace AssetTypes {
+    inline constexpr std::string_view MetaExtension = ".meta";
+    inline constexpr std::string_view MaterialExtension = ".dmat";
+    inline constexpr std::string_view SceneExtension = ".scene";
+    inline constexpr std::string_view PrefabExtension = ".prefab";
+
+    [[nodiscard]] inline std::string Extension(std::string_view path)
+    {
+        std::string extension = std::filesystem::path{path}.extension().string();
+        std::ranges::transform(extension, extension.begin(), [](unsigned char c) { return static_cast<char>(std::tolower(c)); });
+        return extension;
+    }
+
+    [[nodiscard]] inline bool HasExtension(std::string_view path, std::initializer_list<std::string_view> extensions)
+    {
+        const std::string extension = Extension(path);
+        return std::ranges::find(extensions, extension) != extensions.end();
+    }
+
+    [[nodiscard]] inline bool IsModel(std::string_view path) { return HasExtension(path, {".fbx", ".glb", ".gltf", ".obj"}); }
+    [[nodiscard]] inline bool IsImage(std::string_view path) { return HasExtension(path, {".png", ".jpg", ".jpeg", ".tga", ".bmp"}); }
+    [[nodiscard]] inline bool IsAudio(std::string_view path) { return HasExtension(path, {".wav", ".ogg"}); }
+    [[nodiscard]] inline bool IsMaterial(std::string_view path) { return HasExtension(path, {MaterialExtension}); }
+    [[nodiscard]] inline bool IsScene(std::string_view path) { return HasExtension(path, {SceneExtension}); }
+    [[nodiscard]] inline bool IsPrefab(std::string_view path) { return HasExtension(path, {PrefabExtension}); }
+    [[nodiscard]] inline bool IsMeta(std::string_view path) { return HasExtension(path, {MetaExtension}); }
+}
+
+#endif // DESTRUM_ASSETTYPES_H

destrum/include/destrum/Assets/PackFile.h

@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+#ifndef DESTRUM_PACKFILE_H
+#define DESTRUM_PACKFILE_H
+
+#include <cstdint>
+#include <filesystem>
+#include <string>
+#include <string_view>
+#include <unordered_map>
+#include <utility>
+#include <vector>
+
+namespace PackFile {
+    inline constexpr std::uint32_t Version = 1;
+    inline constexpr std::string_view Extension = ".dpak";
+
+    struct Entry {
+        std::string path;
+        std::uint64_t offset{0};
+        std::uint64_t size{0};
+    };
+
+    struct Source {
+        std::string path;
+        std::filesystem::path file;
+    };
+
+    // Paths are "<scheme>/<relative path>", e.g. "engine/shaders/mesh.vert.spv"
+    void Write(const std::vector<Source>& files, const std::filesystem::path& path);
+
+    class Reader {
+    public:
+        explicit Reader(std::filesystem::path path);
+
+        [[nodiscard]] const Entry* Find(std::string_view path) const;
+        [[nodiscard]] std::vector<std::uint8_t> Read(const Entry& entry) const;
+        [[nodiscard]] const std::vector<Entry>& Entries() const { return m_Entries; }
+        [[nodiscard]] const std::filesystem::path& Path() const { return m_Path; }
+
+    private:
+        std::filesystem::path m_Path;
+        std::vector<Entry> m_Entries;
+        std::unordered_map<std::string, std::size_t> m_ByPath;
+    };
+}
+
+#endif // DESTRUM_PACKFILE_H

destrum/include/destrum/Assets/TextureFile.h

@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@ namespace TextureFile {
 
     enum class PixelFormat : std::uint32_t {
         RGBA16Float,
+        RGBA8,
     };
 
     struct Texture {
@@ -26,6 +27,7 @@ namespace TextureFile {
     [[nodiscard]] std::size_t BytesPerPixel(PixelFormat format);
 
     [[nodiscard]] Texture FromRGBA32Float(std::uint32_t width, std::uint32_t height, std::span<const float> rgba);
+    [[nodiscard]] Texture FromRGBA8(std::uint32_t width, std::uint32_t height, std::span<const std::uint8_t> rgba);
 
     [[nodiscard]] std::vector<std::uint8_t> Write(const Texture& texture);
     [[nodiscard]] Texture Read(std::span<const std::uint8_t> bytes);

destrum/include/destrum/Audio/AudioDecoder.h

@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+#ifndef DESTRUM_AUDIODECODER_H
+#define DESTRUM_AUDIODECODER_H
+
+#include <cstdint>
+#include <optional>
+#include <span>
+#include <string_view>
+#include <vector>
+
+struct AudioData {
+    int channels{0};
+    int sampleRate{0};
+    std::vector<std::int16_t> samples;
+
+    [[nodiscard]] float Duration() const
+    {
+        if (channels <= 0 || sampleRate <= 0) {
+            return 0.0f;
+        }
+        return static_cast<float>(samples.size() / static_cast<std::size_t>(channels)) / static_cast<float>(sampleRate);
+    }
+};
+
+namespace AudioDecoder {
+    [[nodiscard]] std::optional<AudioData> DecodeWav(std::span<const std::uint8_t> bytes);
+    [[nodiscard]] std::optional<AudioData> DecodeOgg(std::span<const std::uint8_t> bytes);
+
+    [[nodiscard]] std::optional<AudioData> Decode(std::span<const std::uint8_t> bytes, std::string_view path);
+}
+
+#endif // DESTRUM_AUDIODECODER_H

destrum/include/destrum/Audio/AudioSystem.h

@@ -0,0 +1,111 @@
+#ifndef DESTRUM_AUDIOSYSTEM_H
+#define DESTRUM_AUDIOSYSTEM_H
+
+#include <cstdint>
+#include <memory>
+#include <string>
+#include <string_view>
+#include <unordered_map>
+#include <unordered_set>
+#include <vector>
+
+#include <glm/glm.hpp>
+
+#include <destrum/Singleton.h>
+
+struct AudioData;
+struct ALCdevice;
+struct ALCcontext;
+class Camera;
+
+class AudioClip {
+public:
+    AudioClip(std::string path, std::uint32_t buffer, int channels, int sampleRate, float duration);
+    ~AudioClip();
+
+    AudioClip(const AudioClip&) = delete;
+    AudioClip& operator=(const AudioClip&) = delete;
+
+    [[nodiscard]] const std::string& GetPath() const { return m_Path; }
+    [[nodiscard]] std::uint32_t GetBuffer() const { return m_Buffer; }
+    [[nodiscard]] int GetChannels() const { return m_Channels; }
+    [[nodiscard]] int GetSampleRate() const { return m_SampleRate; }
+    [[nodiscard]] float GetDuration() const { return m_Duration; }
+
+private:
+    std::string m_Path;
+    std::uint32_t m_Buffer{0};
+    int m_Channels{0};
+    int m_SampleRate{0};
+    float m_Duration{0.0f};
+};
+
+[[nodiscard]] glm::vec3 SmoothAudioVelocity(const glm::vec3& current, const glm::vec3& previous,
+                                            const glm::vec3& smoothed, float dt);
+
+struct OneShotParams {
+    float volume{1.0f};
+    float pitch{1.0f};
+    bool spatial{true};
+    float minDistance{1.0f};
+    float maxDistance{50.0f};
+};
+
+class AudioSystem final : public Singleton<AudioSystem> {
+public:
+    friend class Singleton<AudioSystem>;
+
+    ~AudioSystem() override;
+
+    bool Init();
+    void Shutdown();
+    [[nodiscard]] bool IsAvailable() const { return m_Context != nullptr; }
+
+    std::shared_ptr<const AudioClip> LoadClip(std::string_view vpath);
+    std::shared_ptr<const AudioClip> CreateClip(std::string path, const AudioData& data);
+    void ReleaseUnusedClips();
+
+    std::uint32_t CreateSource();
+    void DestroySource(std::uint32_t source);
+
+    void PlayOneShot(std::string_view vpath, const glm::vec3& position, const OneShotParams& params = {});
+
+    void SetListener(const glm::vec3& position, const glm::vec3& forward, const glm::vec3& up);
+
+    void Update(float dt, bool paused, const Camera* fallbackListener);
+
+    void SetMasterVolume(float volume);
+    [[nodiscard]] float GetMasterVolume() const { return m_MasterVolume; }
+    [[nodiscard]] bool IsPaused() const { return m_Paused; }
+
+private:
+    AudioSystem() = default;
+
+    void SetPaused(bool paused);
+
+    struct OneShot {
+        std::uint32_t source{0};
+        std::shared_ptr<const AudioClip> clip;
+    };
+
+    ALCdevice* m_Device{nullptr};
+    ALCcontext* m_Context{nullptr};
+
+    std::unordered_map<std::string, std::shared_ptr<const AudioClip>> m_Clips;
+    std::unordered_set<std::uint32_t> m_Sources;
+    std::vector<std::uint32_t> m_PausedSources;
+    std::vector<OneShot> m_OneShots;
+
+    glm::vec3 m_ListenerPosition{0.0f};
+    glm::vec3 m_ListenerForward{0.0f, 0.0f, -1.0f};
+    glm::vec3 m_ListenerUp{0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f};
+    glm::vec3 m_LastListenerPosition{0.0f};
+    glm::vec3 m_ListenerVelocity{0.0f};
+    bool m_HasLastListenerPosition{false};
+    bool m_ListenerSetThisFrame{false};
+
+    float m_MasterVolume{1.0f};
+    bool m_Paused{false};
+};
+
+#endif // DESTRUM_AUDIOSYSTEM_H

destrum/include/destrum/Components/AudioListener.h

@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+#ifndef DESTRUM_AUDIOLISTENER_H
+#define DESTRUM_AUDIOLISTENER_H
+
+#include <destrum/ObjectModel/Component.h>
+
+class AudioListener final : public Component {
+public:
+    explicit AudioListener(GameObject& parent);
+
+    AudioListener(const AudioListener& other) = delete;
+    AudioListener(AudioListener&& other) noexcept = delete;
+    AudioListener& operator=(const AudioListener& other) = delete;
+    AudioListener& operator=(AudioListener&& other) noexcept = delete;
+
+    void LateUpdate(float dt) override;
+
+    std::string GetTypeName() const override { return "AudioListener"; }
+
+    void ImGuiInspector() override;
+};
+
+#endif // DESTRUM_AUDIOLISTENER_H

destrum/include/destrum/Components/AudioSource.h

@@ -0,0 +1,87 @@
+#ifndef DESTRUM_AUDIOSOURCE_H
+#define DESTRUM_AUDIOSOURCE_H
+
+#include <cstdint>
+#include <memory>
+#include <string>
+
+#include <glm/glm.hpp>
+
+#include <destrum/ObjectModel/Component.h>
+
+class AudioClip;
+
+class AudioSource final : public Component {
+public:
+    explicit AudioSource(GameObject& parent, std::string clipPath = {});
+    ~AudioSource() override;
+
+    AudioSource(const AudioSource& other) = delete;
+    AudioSource(AudioSource&& other) noexcept = delete;
+    AudioSource& operator=(const AudioSource& other) = delete;
+    AudioSource& operator=(AudioSource&& other) noexcept = delete;
+
+    void Update(float dt) override;
+    void LateUpdate(float dt) override;
+    void SetEnabled(bool enabled) override;
+
+    std::string GetTypeName() const override { return "AudioSource"; }
+
+    void Reflect(FieldVisitor& v) override;
+    nlohmann::json Serialize() const override;
+    void Deserialize(const nlohmann::json& data) override;
+    void ImGuiInspector() override;
+
+    void Play();
+    void Pause();
+    void Stop();
+    [[nodiscard]] bool IsPlaying() const;
+
+    void PlayOneShot(const std::string& clipPath, float volumeScale = 1.0f) const;
+
+    void SetClip(const std::string& clipPath);
+    [[nodiscard]] const std::string& GetClip() const { return m_ClipPath; }
+
+    void SetVolume(float volume);
+    [[nodiscard]] float GetVolume() const { return m_Volume; }
+
+    void SetPitch(float pitch);
+    [[nodiscard]] float GetPitch() const { return m_Pitch; }
+
+    void SetLoop(bool loop);
+    [[nodiscard]] bool GetLoop() const { return m_Loop; }
+
+    void SetPlayOnStart(bool playOnStart) { m_PlayOnStart = playOnStart; }
+    [[nodiscard]] bool GetPlayOnStart() const { return m_PlayOnStart; }
+
+    void SetSpatial(bool spatial);
+    [[nodiscard]] bool GetSpatial() const { return m_Spatial; }
+
+    void SetDistances(float minDistance, float maxDistance);
+    [[nodiscard]] float GetMinDistance() const { return m_MinDistance; }
+    [[nodiscard]] float GetMaxDistance() const { return m_MaxDistance; }
+
+private:
+    bool EnsureSource();
+    void ApplyProperties();
+    void SyncPosition(float dt);
+    void ReleaseSource();
+
+    std::string m_ClipPath;
+    float m_Volume{1.0f};
+    float m_Pitch{1.0f};
+    bool m_Loop{false};
+    bool m_PlayOnStart{true};
+    bool m_Spatial{true};
+    float m_MinDistance{1.0f};
+    float m_MaxDistance{50.0f};
+
+    std::uint32_t m_Source{0};
+    std::shared_ptr<const AudioClip> m_Clip;
+    bool m_AutoPlayed{false};
+    glm::vec3 m_LastPosition{0.0f};
+    glm::vec3 m_Velocity{0.0f};
+    bool m_HasLastPosition{false};
+};
+
+#endif // DESTRUM_AUDIOSOURCE_H

destrum/include/destrum/Components/CameraComponent.h

@@ -17,8 +17,7 @@ public:
 
     std::string GetTypeName() const override { return "CameraComponent"; }
 
-    nlohmann::json Serialize() const override;
+    void Reflect(FieldVisitor& v) override;
-    void Deserialize(const nlohmann::json& data) override;
     void ImGuiInspector() override;
 
     // Places the camera at this object's world transform, looking down its local -Z.

destrum/include/destrum/Components/LightComponent.h

@@ -19,9 +19,7 @@ public:
 
     std::string GetTypeName() const override { return "LightComponent"; }
 
-    nlohmann::json Serialize() const override;
+    void Reflect(FieldVisitor& v) override;
-    void Deserialize(const nlohmann::json& data) override;
-    void ImGuiInspector() override;
 
     void SetType(LightType type) { m_Type = type; }
     [[nodiscard]] LightType GetType() const { return m_Type; }

destrum/include/destrum/Components/MeshRendererComponent.h

@@ -4,6 +4,13 @@
 #include <destrum/ObjectModel/Component.h>
 
 #include <destrum/Graphics/ids.h>
+#include <destrum/Graphics/Resources/PrimitiveMeshes.h>
+
+#include <optional>
+#include <string>
+
+class GameRenderer;
+class RenderResources;
 
 class MeshRendererComponent final: public Component {
 public:
@@ -30,6 +37,18 @@ public:
     }
 
 private:
+    void DrawMeshField(RenderResources& resources);
+    void DrawPrimitiveSettings(RenderResources& resources);
+    void DrawMaterialField(RenderResources& resources, GameRenderer& renderer);
+    void DrawMaterialEditor(RenderResources& resources, GameRenderer& renderer);
+    void AssignPrimitive(RenderResources& resources, const PrimitiveMeshes::Desc& desc);
+    void LoadDroppedModel(RenderResources& resources, const std::string& path);
+
+    std::string m_MeshSearch;
+    std::string m_MaterialSearch;
+    std::optional<PrimitiveMeshes::Desc> m_PrimitiveDraft;
+    std::string m_PrimitiveDraftKey;
+
     MeshID meshID{NULL_MESH_ID};
     MaterialID materialID{NULL_MATERIAL_ID};
     std::string meshKey;

destrum/include/destrum/Components/OrbitAndSpin.h

@@ -26,9 +26,10 @@ public:
 
     std::string GetTypeName() const override { return "OrbitAndSpin"; }
 
-    nlohmann::json Serialize() const override;
+    void Reflect(FieldVisitor& v) override;
     void Deserialize(const nlohmann::json& data) override;
     void ImGuiInspector() override;
+    void OnFieldsEdited() override;
 
     // optional setters
     void SetRadius(float r) { m_Radius = r; }
@@ -36,6 +37,7 @@ public:
 
 private:
     void BuildOrbitBasis(); // builds m_U/m_V from m_OrbitAxis
+    void Sanitize();
 
     float m_Radius = 5.0f;
     glm::vec3 m_Center{0.0f};

destrum/include/destrum/Components/Physics/BoxCollider.h

@@ -11,16 +11,13 @@ public:
 
     void Update(float) override {}
 
-    nlohmann::json Serialize() const override;
+    void Reflect(FieldVisitor& v) override;
-    void Deserialize(const nlohmann::json& data) override;
-    void ImGuiInspector() override;
 
     std::string GetTypeName() const override
     {
         return "BoxCollider";
     }
 
-
     void DrawDebugLines(const glm::vec4& color) const override;
 
     [[nodiscard]] PhysicsShapeDesc BuildPhysicsShape() const override {

destrum/include/destrum/Components/Physics/CapsuleCollider.h

@@ -17,24 +17,7 @@ public:
         return "CapsuleCollider";
     }
 
-    void ImGuiInspector() override;
+    void Reflect(FieldVisitor& v) override;
-
-    nlohmann::json Serialize() const override {
-        auto data = SerializeCollider();
-        data["radius"] = m_Radius;
-        data["height"] = m_Height;
-        return data;
-    }
-
-    void Deserialize(const nlohmann::json& data) override {
-        DeserializeCollider(data);
-        if (data.contains("radius")) {
-            SetRadius(data.at("radius").get<float>());
-        }
-        if (data.contains("height")) {
-            SetHeight(data.at("height").get<float>());
-        }
-    }
 
     void DrawDebugLines(const glm::vec4& color) const override;
 

destrum/include/destrum/Components/Physics/Collider.h

@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ public:
 
     [[nodiscard]] bool AffectsPhysics() const override { return true; }
 
-    void ImGuiInspector() override;
+    void Reflect(FieldVisitor& v) override;
 
     [[nodiscard]] virtual PhysicsShapeDesc BuildPhysicsShape() const = 0;
     virtual void DrawDebugLines(const glm::vec4& color) const = 0;
@@ -30,18 +30,6 @@ public:
     void SetCenterOffset(const glm::vec3& offset) { m_CenterOffset = offset; NotifyPhysicsChanged(); }
 
 protected:
-    [[nodiscard]] nlohmann::json SerializeCollider() const {
-        return {
-            {"centerOffset", m_CenterOffset},
-            {"isTrigger", m_IsTrigger}
-        };
-    }
-
-    void DeserializeCollider(const nlohmann::json& data) {
-        m_CenterOffset = data.value("centerOffset", m_CenterOffset);
-        m_IsTrigger = data.value("isTrigger", m_IsTrigger);
-    }
-
     bool m_IsTrigger{false};
     glm::vec3 m_CenterOffset{0.0f};
 };

destrum/include/destrum/Components/Physics/ConvexHullCollider.h

@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+#pragma once
+
+#include <algorithm>
+
+#include <destrum/Components/Physics/MeshShapeCollider.h>
+
+class ConvexHullCollider final : public MeshShapeCollider {
+public:
+    static constexpr int MinVertices = 4;
+    static constexpr int MaxVertices = 256;
+
+    explicit ConvexHullCollider(GameObject& owner, int maxVertices = 64)
+        : MeshShapeCollider(owner)
+        , m_MaxVertices(std::clamp(maxVertices, MinVertices, MaxVertices)) {}
+
+    std::string GetTypeName() const override {
+        return "ConvexHullCollider";
+    }
+
+    void Reflect(FieldVisitor& v) override;
+
+    void DrawDebugLines(const glm::vec4& color) const override;
+
+    [[nodiscard]] PhysicsShapeDesc BuildPhysicsShape() const override {
+        return BuildConvexHullShape(m_MaxVertices);
+    }
+
+    [[nodiscard]] int GetMaxVertices() const {
+        return m_MaxVertices;
+    }
+
+    void SetMaxVertices(int maxVertices) {
+        m_MaxVertices = std::clamp(maxVertices, MinVertices, MaxVertices);
+        NotifyPhysicsChanged();
+    }
+
+private:
+    int m_MaxVertices{64};
+};

destrum/include/destrum/Components/Physics/CylinderCollider.h

@@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
+#pragma once
+
+#include <algorithm>
+
+#include <destrum/Components/Physics/Collider.h>
+
+class CylinderCollider final : public Collider {
+public:
+    explicit CylinderCollider(GameObject& owner, float radius = 0.5f, float height = 1.0f)
+        : Collider(owner)
+        , m_Radius(std::max(radius, 0.0001f))
+        , m_Height(std::max(height, 0.0001f)) {}
+
+    void Update(float) override {}
+
+    std::string GetTypeName() const override {
+        return "CylinderCollider";
+    }
+
+    void Reflect(FieldVisitor& v) override;
+
+    void DrawDebugLines(const glm::vec4& color) const override;
+
+    [[nodiscard]] PhysicsShapeDesc BuildPhysicsShape() const override {
+        return PhysicsShapeDesc::Cylinder(m_Radius, m_Height, m_CenterOffset, m_IsTrigger);
+    }
+
+    [[nodiscard]] float GetRadius() const {
+        return m_Radius;
+    }
+
+    void SetRadius(float radius) {
+        m_Radius = std::max(radius, 0.0001f);
+        NotifyPhysicsChanged();
+    }
+
+    [[nodiscard]] float GetHeight() const {
+        return m_Height;
+    }
+
+    void SetHeight(float height) {
+        m_Height = std::max(height, 0.0001f);
+        NotifyPhysicsChanged();
+    }
+
+private:
+    float m_Radius{0.5f};
+    float m_Height{1.0f};
+};

destrum/include/destrum/Components/Physics/MeshCollider.h

@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+#pragma once
+
+#include <destrum/Components/Physics/MeshShapeCollider.h>
+
+// Exact triangle mesh for static and kinematic bodies. Dynamic bodies can't use one, they get a convex hull instead.
+class MeshCollider final : public MeshShapeCollider {
+public:
+    static constexpr int DynamicHullVertices = 64;
+
+    explicit MeshCollider(GameObject& owner)
+        : MeshShapeCollider(owner) {}
+
+    std::string GetTypeName() const override {
+        return "MeshCollider";
+    }
+
+    void ImGuiInspector() override;
+
+    void DrawDebugLines(const glm::vec4& color) const override;
+
+    [[nodiscard]] PhysicsShapeDesc BuildPhysicsShape() const override;
+
+    [[nodiscard]] bool UsesConvexFallback() const;
+};

destrum/include/destrum/Components/Physics/MeshShapeCollider.h

@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+#pragma once
+
+#include <memory>
+
+#include <destrum/Components/Physics/Collider.h>
+
+// Base for colliders shaped by the MeshRendererComponent on the same object. Unlike the primitive colliders,
+// the mesh is in local units, so the transform's world scale is applied.
+class MeshShapeCollider : public Collider {
+public:
+    explicit MeshShapeCollider(GameObject& owner)
+        : Collider(owner) {}
+
+    void Update(float) override {}
+
+    void ImGuiInspector() override;
+
+    // Used instead of the MeshRenderer mesh, not serialized
+    void SetCustomMesh(std::shared_ptr<const PhysicsMeshData> mesh) {
+        m_CustomMesh = std::move(mesh);
+        NotifyPhysicsChanged();
+    }
+
+    [[nodiscard]] std::shared_ptr<const PhysicsMeshData> GetSourceMesh() const;
+
+protected:
+    [[nodiscard]] glm::vec3 GetShapeScale() const;
+    [[nodiscard]] glm::mat4 GetShapeMatrix() const;
+
+    // Falls back to a box around the mesh when it has no volume
+    [[nodiscard]] PhysicsShapeDesc BuildConvexHullShape(int maxVertices) const;
+    void DrawConvexHull(int maxVertices, const glm::vec4& color) const;
+
+private:
+    std::shared_ptr<const PhysicsMeshData> m_CustomMesh;
+};

destrum/include/destrum/Components/Physics/Rigidbody.h

@@ -21,8 +21,7 @@ public:
     void Start() override;
     void Destroy() override;
 
-    nlohmann::json Serialize() const override;
+    void Reflect(FieldVisitor& v) override;
-    void Deserialize(const nlohmann::json& data) override;
     void ImGuiInspector() override;
 
     std::string GetTypeName() const override

destrum/include/destrum/Components/Physics/SphereCollider.h

@@ -12,9 +12,7 @@ public:
 
     void Update(float) override {}
 
-    nlohmann::json Serialize() const override;
+    void Reflect(FieldVisitor& v) override;
-    void Deserialize(const nlohmann::json& data) override;
-    void ImGuiInspector() override;
     std::string GetTypeName() const override
     {
         return "SphereCollider";

destrum/include/destrum/Components/Rotator.h

@@ -20,9 +20,7 @@ public:
 
     std::string GetTypeName() const override { return "Rotator"; }
 
-    nlohmann::json Serialize() const override;
+    void Reflect(FieldVisitor& v) override;
-    void Deserialize(const nlohmann::json& data) override;
-    void ImGuiInspector() override;
 
     void SetDistance(float distance);
     void SetSpeed(float speed) { m_Speed = speed; }

destrum/include/destrum/Components/Spinner.h

@@ -18,9 +18,7 @@ public:
 
     std::string GetTypeName() const override { return "Spinner"; }
 
-    nlohmann::json Serialize() const override;
+    void Reflect(FieldVisitor& v) override;
-    void Deserialize(const nlohmann::json& data) override;
-    void ImGuiInspector() override;
 
     void SetAxis(const glm::vec3& axis) {
         m_Axis = glm::dot(axis, axis) > 0.000001f

destrum/include/destrum/Components/UI/Canvas.h

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 #ifndef DESTRUM_CANVAS_H
 #define DESTRUM_CANVAS_H
 
+#include <destrum/Components/UI/CanvasFrame.h>
 #include <destrum/Components/UI/RectTransform.h>
 #include <destrum/ObjectModel/Component.h>
 
@@ -22,10 +23,9 @@ public:
     void Start() override;
     void Render(const RenderContext& ctx) override;
     void Draw(const glm::vec2& screenSize);
+    void Draw(const CanvasFrame& frame);
 
-    nlohmann::json Serialize() const override;
+    void Reflect(FieldVisitor& v) override;
-    void Deserialize(const nlohmann::json& data) override;
-    void ImGuiInspector() override;
 
     [[nodiscard]] float GetScale(const glm::vec2& screenSize) const;
 

destrum/include/destrum/Components/UI/CanvasFrame.h

@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+#ifndef DESTRUM_CANVASFRAME_H
+#define DESTRUM_CANVASFRAME_H
+
+#include <glm/glm.hpp>
+
+// Where canvases lay out, in draw image pixels: a resolution sized screen at min, drawn zoom times larger
+struct CanvasFrame {
+    glm::vec2 min{0.0f};
+    glm::vec2 resolution{0.0f};
+    float zoom{1.0f};
+};
+
+#endif // DESTRUM_CANVASFRAME_H

destrum/include/destrum/Components/UI/RectTransform.h

@@ -22,8 +22,7 @@ public:
 
     std::string GetTypeName() const override { return "RectTransform"; }
 
-    nlohmann::json Serialize() const override;
+    void Reflect(FieldVisitor& v) override;
-    void Deserialize(const nlohmann::json& data) override;
     void ImGuiInspector() override;
 
     [[nodiscard]] UIRect ComputeRect(const UIRect& parentRect, float scale) const;
@@ -44,6 +43,8 @@ public:
     // Where the canvas last drew this object
     [[nodiscard]] const UIRect& GetScreenRect() const { return m_ScreenRect; }
     [[nodiscard]] const UIRect& GetParentRect() const { return m_ParentRect; }
+    // Screen pixels per canvas unit at the last draw
+    [[nodiscard]] float GetScreenScale() const { return m_LastScale; }
     void SetScreenRect(const UIRect& rect, const UIRect& parentRect, float scale)
     {
         m_ScreenRect = rect;

destrum/include/destrum/Components/UI/UIImage.h

@@ -20,9 +20,7 @@ public:
 
     void DrawUI(const UIRect& rect, float scale) override;
 
-    nlohmann::json Serialize() const override;
+    void Reflect(FieldVisitor& v) override;
-    void Deserialize(const nlohmann::json& data) override;
-    void ImGuiInspector() override;
 
     void SetShape(UIImageShape shape) { m_Shape = shape; }
     void SetOutline(float thickness) { m_Outline = thickness; }

destrum/include/destrum/Components/UI/UIText.h

@@ -21,9 +21,7 @@ public:
 
     void DrawUI(const UIRect& rect, float scale) override;
 
-    nlohmann::json Serialize() const override;
+    void Reflect(FieldVisitor& v) override;
-    void Deserialize(const nlohmann::json& data) override;
-    void ImGuiInspector() override;
 
     void SetText(std::string text) { m_Text = std::move(text); }
     void SetFont(std::string assetPath) { m_FontPath = std::move(assetPath); }

destrum/include/destrum/FS/AssetFS.h

@@ -3,12 +3,14 @@
 
 #include <filesystem>
 #include <cstdint>
+#include <memory>
 #include <optional>
 #include <string>
 #include <string_view>
 #include <vector>
 
 #include <destrum/Singleton.h>
+#include <destrum/Assets/PackFile.h>
 
 #include <destrum/FS/Manifest.h>
 
@@ -17,23 +19,42 @@ struct FSMount {
     std::string scheme;   // "engine", "game"
     std::filesystem::path root;
     std::optional<AssetManifest> manifest;
-
+    std::optional<std::filesystem::path> sourceRoot;
+    std::shared_ptr<const PackFile::Reader> pack;
 };
 
 class AssetFS final: public Singleton<AssetFS> {
 public:
+    static constexpr std::string_view PackName = "assets.dpak";
+
     void Init(std::filesystem::path exeDir);
     void Reset();
     void Mount(std::string scheme, std::filesystem::path root);
+    void MountPack(const std::filesystem::path& packPath, const std::filesystem::path& root);
+    void ReloadManifest(std::string_view scheme);
 
     std::vector<uint8_t> ReadBytes(std::string_view vpath);
 
+    [[nodiscard]] std::vector<uint8_t> ReadFile(const std::filesystem::path& fullPath) const;
+    [[nodiscard]] bool Exists(const std::filesystem::path& fullPath) const;
+    [[nodiscard]] std::vector<std::filesystem::path> ListFiles(const FSMount& mount) const;
+    [[nodiscard]] bool IsPacked() const;
+
     [[nodiscard]] std::filesystem::path GetFullPath(std::string_view vpath) const;
 
     [[nodiscard]] std::filesystem::path GetCookedPathForFile(std::string_view vpath) const;
 
+    [[nodiscard]] std::optional<std::string> ToVirtualPath(const std::filesystem::path& fullPath) const;
+
+    [[nodiscard]] const std::vector<FSMount>& GetMounts() const { return mounts; }
+
+    void SetSourceRoot(std::string_view scheme, std::filesystem::path sourceRoot);
+    [[nodiscard]] std::optional<std::filesystem::path> GetSourcePath(std::string_view vpath) const;
+
+    bool WriteFile(std::string_view vpath, std::string_view contents);
+
 private:
-    static std::vector<uint8_t> ReadFile(const std::filesystem::path& fullPath);
+    void AddMount(std::string scheme, std::filesystem::path root, std::shared_ptr<const PackFile::Reader> pack);
 
     std::vector<FSMount> mounts;
 

destrum/include/destrum/FS/Manifest.h

@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@
 #include <cstdint>
 #include <filesystem>
 #include <optional>
+#include <span>
 #include <string>
 #include <string_view>
 #include <unordered_map>
@@ -29,7 +30,7 @@ struct AssetManifest {
 };
 
 namespace FS {
-    AssetManifest LoadAssetManifest(const std::filesystem::path& manifestPath);
+    AssetManifest ParseAssetManifest(std::span<const std::uint8_t> bytes);
 }
 
 #endif //MANIFEST_H

destrum/include/destrum/Graphics/Caches/ImageCache.h

@@ -4,6 +4,9 @@
 #pragma once
 
 #include <filesystem>
+#include <future>
+#include <memory>
+#include <optional>
 #include <unordered_map>
 #include <vector>
 
@@ -11,6 +14,7 @@
 #include <destrum/Graphics/GPUImage.h>
 #include <destrum/Graphics/ids.h>
 #include <destrum/Graphics/TextureIntent.h>
+#include <destrum/Graphics/imageLoader.h>
 
 class GfxDevice;
 
@@ -18,6 +22,13 @@ class ImageCache {
     friend class ResourcesInspector;
 
 public:
+    struct LoadedImageInfo {
+        std::filesystem::path path;
+        TextureIntent intent;
+        VkImageUsageFlags usage;
+        bool mipMap;
+    };
+
     explicit ImageCache(GfxDevice& gfxDevice);
 
     ImageID loadImageFromFile(
@@ -25,9 +36,19 @@ public:
         VkImageUsageFlags usage,
         bool mipMap, TextureIntent intent = TextureIntent::ColorSrgb);
 
+    // Reserves the ID now and decodes on a job worker, the slot is filled in by finishPendingLoads
+    ImageID requestImage(
+        const std::filesystem::path& path,
+        VkImageUsageFlags usage,
+        bool mipMap, TextureIntent intent = TextureIntent::ColorSrgb);
+    void finishPendingLoads();
+    [[nodiscard]] std::size_t getPendingLoadCount() const { return pendingImages.size(); }
+
     ImageID addImage(GPUImage image);
     ImageID addImage(ImageID id, GPUImage image);
     [[nodiscard]] const GPUImage& getImage(ImageID id) const;
+    [[nodiscard]] const LoadedImageInfo* findLoadedImageInfo(ImageID id) const;
+    void removeImage(ImageID id);
 
     [[nodiscard]] ImageID getFreeImageId() const;
     [[nodiscard]] std::uint32_t getMaxImageCount() const {
@@ -51,15 +72,25 @@ public:
     }
 
 private:
+    struct PendingImage {
+        ImageID id{NULL_IMAGE_ID};
+        std::future<ImageData> data;
+    };
+
+    [[nodiscard]] std::optional<ImageID> findLoadedImage(
+        const std::filesystem::path& path,
+        VkImageUsageFlags usage,
+        bool mipMap,
+        TextureIntent intent) const;
+    ImageID reserveImageId();
+    void finishPendingLoad(ImageID id);
+    void completePendingLoad(PendingImage pending);
+
     std::vector<GPUImage> images;
+    std::vector<PendingImage> pendingImages;
+    std::shared_ptr<std::vector<ImageID>> freeIds = std::make_shared<std::vector<ImageID>>();
     GfxDevice& gfxDevice;
 
-    struct LoadedImageInfo {
-        std::filesystem::path path;
-        TextureIntent intent;
-        VkImageUsageFlags usage;
-        bool mipMap;
-    };
     std::unordered_map<ImageID, LoadedImageInfo> loadedImagesInfo;
     ImageID errorImageId{NULL_IMAGE_ID};
 };

destrum/include/destrum/Graphics/Caches/MaterialCache.h

@@ -1,9 +1,10 @@
 #ifndef MATERIALCACHE_H
 #define MATERIALCACHE_H
 
-#include <vector>
+#include <memory>
 #include <optional>
 #include <string_view>
+#include <vector>
 
 #include <destrum/Graphics/ids.h>
 #include <destrum/Graphics/Material.h>
@@ -27,13 +28,16 @@ public:
 
     void cleanup(GfxDevice& gfxDevice);
 
-    MaterialID addMaterial(Material material);
+    MaterialID addMaterial(Material material, std::string key = {});
+    void removeMaterial(MaterialID id);
+    [[nodiscard]] bool isValid(MaterialID id) const { return id < materialKeys.size() && !materialKeys[id].empty(); }
     MaterialID addSimpleColorMaterial(
         glm::vec3 color,
         std::string name = {});
     MaterialID addSimpleTextureMaterial(ImageID textureID);
     [[nodiscard]] const Material& getMaterial(MaterialID id) const;
     [[nodiscard]] const std::string& getMaterialKey(MaterialID id) const;
+    [[nodiscard]] std::size_t getMaterialCount() const { return materials.size(); }
     [[nodiscard]] std::optional<MaterialID> findMaterialByKey(std::string_view key) const;
     [[nodiscard]] std::optional<MaterialID> findMaterialByName(
         std::string_view name,
@@ -47,13 +51,14 @@ public:
 
 
     Material& getMaterialMutable(MaterialID id);
-    void updateMaterialGPU(MaterialID id);
+    [[nodiscard]] MaterialData getMaterialData(MaterialID id) const;
 
 private:
     [[nodiscard]] MaterialData toMaterialData(const Material& material) const;
 
     std::vector<Material> materials;
     std::vector<std::string> materialKeys;
+    std::shared_ptr<std::vector<MaterialID>> freeIds = std::make_shared<std::vector<MaterialID>>();
 
     static constexpr auto MAX_MATERIALS = 1000;
     GPUBuffer materialDataBuffer;

destrum/include/destrum/Graphics/Caches/MeshCache.h

@@ -3,8 +3,10 @@
 
 #include <destrum/Graphics/Resources/Mesh.h>
 
+#include <memory>
 #include <optional>
 #include <string_view>
+#include <vector>
 
 #include "../ids.h"
 
@@ -15,17 +17,44 @@ public:
     void cleanup(GfxDevice& gfxDevice);
 
     MeshID addMesh(GfxDevice& gfxDevice, const CPUMesh& cpuMesh);
+    void removeMesh(GfxDevice& gfxDevice, MeshID id);
+    [[nodiscard]] bool isValid(MeshID id) const { return id < meshKeys.size() && !meshKeys[id].empty(); }
+    [[nodiscard]] std::size_t getSlotCount() const { return meshes.size(); }
     const GPUMesh& getMesh(MeshID id) const;
+    [[nodiscard]] const std::vector<GPUMesh>& getMeshes() const { return meshes; }
     const CPUMesh& getCPUMesh(MeshID id) const;
     [[nodiscard]] const std::string& getMeshKey(MeshID id) const;
     [[nodiscard]] std::optional<MeshID> findMeshByKey(std::string_view key) const;
 
+    [[nodiscard]] const GPUBuffer& getIndexBuffer() const { return indexBuffer; }
+    [[nodiscard]] std::uint32_t getIndexCount() const { return indexCount; }
+    [[nodiscard]] std::uint32_t getIndexCapacity() const { return indexCapacity; }
+
 private:
-    void uploadMesh(GfxDevice& gfxDevice, const CPUMesh& cpuMesh, GPUMesh& gpuMesh) const;
+    struct IndexRange {
+        std::uint32_t first{0};
+        std::uint32_t count{0};
+    };
+
+    struct RecycleBin {
+        std::vector<MeshID> ids;
+        std::vector<IndexRange> indexRanges;
+    };
+
+    void uploadMesh(GfxDevice& gfxDevice, const CPUMesh& cpuMesh, GPUMesh& gpuMesh);
+    void ensureIndexCapacity(GfxDevice& gfxDevice, std::uint32_t requiredIndices);
+    [[nodiscard]] std::uint32_t allocateIndices(GfxDevice& gfxDevice, std::uint32_t count);
+
+    static constexpr std::uint32_t InitialIndexCapacity = 1u << 20;
+
+    GPUBuffer indexBuffer;
+    std::uint32_t indexCount{0};
+    std::uint32_t indexCapacity{0};
 
     std::vector<GPUMesh> meshes;
     std::vector<CPUMesh> cpuMeshes;
     std::vector<std::string> meshKeys;
+    std::shared_ptr<RecycleBin> recycleBin = std::make_shared<RecycleBin>();
 };
 
 #endif //MESHCACHE_H

destrum/include/destrum/Graphics/DebugDraw.h

@@ -4,6 +4,9 @@
 #include <glm/glm.hpp>
 #include <glm/gtc/quaternion.hpp>
 
+#include <cstdint>
+#include <vector>
+
 namespace DebugDraw {
     void Arc(const glm::vec3& center, const glm::vec3& axisA, const glm::vec3& axisB, float radius,
              float fromAngle, float toAngle, const glm::vec4& color, int segments = 16);
@@ -14,6 +17,12 @@ namespace DebugDraw {
     void Sphere(const glm::vec3& center, float radius, const glm::vec4& color);
 
     void Capsule(const glm::vec3& center, const glm::quat& rotation, float radius, float height, const glm::vec4& color);
+    void Cylinder(const glm::vec3& center, const glm::quat& rotation, float radius, float height, const glm::vec4& color);
+
+    // Wireframe of an indexed triangle list, stops after maxTriangles
+    void Triangles(const glm::mat4& transform, const std::vector<glm::vec3>& points,
+                   const std::vector<std::uint32_t>& indices, const glm::vec4& color,
+                   std::size_t maxTriangles = 20000);
 }
 
 #endif // DEBUGDRAW_H

destrum/include/destrum/Graphics/DeletionQueue.h

@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+#ifndef DELETIONQUEUE_H
+#define DELETIONQUEUE_H
+
+#include <cstddef>
+#include <cstdint>
+#include <deque>
+#include <functional>
+
+class DeletionQueue {
+public:
+    void push(std::uint64_t retiredInFrame, std::function<void()>&& deleter);
+
+    void flush(std::uint64_t lastCompletedFrame);
+
+    void flushAll();
+
+    [[nodiscard]] std::size_t size() const { return entries.size(); }
+    [[nodiscard]] bool empty() const { return entries.empty(); }
+
+private:
+    struct Entry {
+        std::uint64_t frame;
+        std::function<void()> deleter;
+    };
+
+    std::deque<Entry> entries;
+};
+
+#endif // DELETIONQUEUE_H

destrum/include/destrum/Graphics/FrameConfig.h

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+#ifndef FRAMECONFIG_H
+#define FRAMECONFIG_H
+
+#include <cstdint>
+
+inline constexpr std::uint32_t FRAMES_IN_FLIGHT = 2;
+
+#endif // FRAMECONFIG_H

destrum/include/destrum/Graphics/GfxDevice.h

@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@
 #include <glm/vec2.hpp>
 #include <glm/vec4.hpp>
 
+#include <destrum/Graphics/DeletionQueue.h>
 #include <destrum/Graphics/GPUImage.h>
 #include <destrum/Graphics/Swapchain.h>
 #include <destrum/Graphics/Resources/Buffer.h>
@@ -49,8 +50,8 @@ public:
     struct EndFrameProps
     {
         VkClearColorValue clearColor{{0.f, 0.f, 0.f, 1.f}};
-        glm::ivec4 drawImageBlitRect{};
         ImguiPass* imguiPass{nullptr};
+        bool copyDrawImageToSwapchain{true};
     };
 
 public:
@@ -113,7 +114,8 @@ public:
         return memoryManager.createBuffer(allocSize, usage, memoryUsage);
     }
 
-    void destroyBuffer(GPUBuffer& buffer) const
+    void destroyBuffer(GPUBuffer& buffer);
+    void destroyBufferNow(GPUBuffer& buffer) const
     {
         memoryManager.destroyBuffer(buffer);
     }
@@ -139,6 +141,15 @@ public:
         return imageManager.loadImageFromFile(path, usage, mipMap, intent);
     }
 
+    [[nodiscard]] std::optional<GPUImage> createImageFromData(
+        const ImageData& data,
+        VkImageUsageFlags usage,
+        bool mipMap,
+        const std::string& debugName) const
+    {
+        return imageManager.createImageFromData(data, usage, mipMap, debugName);
+    }
+
     void uploadImageDataSized(
         const GPUImage& image,
         const void* pixelData,
@@ -148,11 +159,24 @@ public:
         imageManager.uploadImageData(image, pixelData, byteSize, layer);
     }
 
-    void destroyImage(GPUImage& image) const
+    void destroyImage(GPUImage& image);
+    void destroyImageNow(GPUImage& image) const
     {
         imageManager.destroyImage(image);
     }
 
+    void deferDestroy(std::function<void()>&& deleter);
+
+    [[nodiscard]] std::uint64_t getFrameNumber() const
+    {
+        return frameManager.getFrameNumber();
+    }
+
+    [[nodiscard]] std::size_t getPendingDeletionCount() const
+    {
+        return deletionQueue.size();
+    }
+
     [[nodiscard]] VkDevice getVkDevice() const
     {
         return instanceManager.getDevice();
@@ -228,6 +252,7 @@ private:
     ImageManager imageManager;
 
     VulkanImmediateExecutor executor;
+    DeletionQueue deletionQueue;
 
     Swapchain swapchain;
     VkFormat swapchainFormat{VK_FORMAT_UNDEFINED};

destrum/include/destrum/Graphics/IndirectDrawList.h

@@ -0,0 +1,80 @@
+#ifndef INDIRECTDRAWLIST_H
+#define INDIRECTDRAWLIST_H
+
+#include <array>
+#include <cstddef>
+#include <cstdint>
+#include <vector>
+
+#include <glm/mat4x4.hpp>
+#include <vulkan/vulkan.h>
+
+#include <destrum/Graphics/FrameConfig.h>
+#include <destrum/Graphics/Frustum.h>
+#include <destrum/Graphics/MeshDrawCommand.h>
+#include <destrum/Graphics/Resources/Buffer.h>
+
+class GfxDevice;
+struct GPUMesh;
+
+// Must match InstanceData in instance_data.glsl
+struct GPUInstanceData {
+    glm::mat4 transform;
+    VkDeviceAddress vertexBuffer;
+    std::uint32_t materialId;
+    std::uint32_t objectId;
+};
+static_assert(sizeof(GPUInstanceData) == 80);
+
+class IndirectDrawList {
+public:
+    struct View {
+        std::uint32_t firstCommand{0};
+        std::uint32_t commandCount{0};
+        std::uint32_t instanceCount{0};
+    };
+
+    enum class Filter {
+        All,
+        ShadowCasters,
+    };
+
+    void cleanup(GfxDevice& gfxDevice);
+
+    void begin(std::uint32_t frameIndex);
+
+    View addView(
+        const std::vector<GPUMesh>& meshes,
+        const std::vector<MeshDrawCommand>& drawCommands,
+        const std::vector<std::size_t>& sortedDrawCommands,
+        const Frustum& frustum,
+        Filter filter);
+
+    void upload(GfxDevice& gfxDevice);
+
+    void draw(VkCommandBuffer cmd, const GPUBuffer& indexBuffer, const View& view) const;
+
+    [[nodiscard]] VkDeviceAddress getInstanceBufferAddress() const;
+
+    [[nodiscard]] const std::vector<GPUInstanceData>& getInstances() const { return instances; }
+    [[nodiscard]] const std::vector<VkDrawIndexedIndirectCommand>& getCommands() const { return commands; }
+
+private:
+    struct PerFrameBuffers {
+        GPUBuffer instances;
+        GPUBuffer commands;
+        std::size_t instanceCapacity{0};
+        std::size_t commandCapacity{0};
+    };
+
+    static constexpr std::size_t InitialInstanceCapacity = 1024;
+    static constexpr std::size_t InitialCommandCapacity = 256;
+
+    std::array<PerFrameBuffers, FRAMES_IN_FLIGHT> frames{};
+    std::uint32_t currentFrame{0};
+
+    std::vector<GPUInstanceData> instances;
+    std::vector<VkDrawIndexedIndirectCommand> commands;
+};
+
+#endif // INDIRECTDRAWLIST_H

destrum/include/destrum/Graphics/Managers/FrameManager.h

@@ -6,6 +6,8 @@
 
 #include <vulkan/vulkan.h>
 
+#include <destrum/Graphics/FrameConfig.h>
+
 class FrameManager {
 public:
     struct FrameData {
@@ -27,10 +29,12 @@ public:
     [[nodiscard]] VkCommandBuffer beginFrame();
     void endFrame(VkCommandBuffer cmd);
 
-    void waitIdle() const;
-
     [[nodiscard]] std::uint32_t getCurrentFrameIndex() const {
-        return frameNumber % 2;
+        return static_cast<std::uint32_t>(frameNumber % FRAMES_IN_FLIGHT);
+    }
+
+    [[nodiscard]] std::uint64_t getFrameNumber() const {
+        return frameNumber;
     }
 
     [[nodiscard]] FrameData& getCurrentFrame() {
@@ -48,9 +52,8 @@ public:
     void nextFrame();
 
 private:
-    static constexpr std::size_t FRAMES_IN_FLIGHT = 2;
     std::array<FrameData, FRAMES_IN_FLIGHT> frames{};
-    std::uint32_t frameNumber{0};
+    std::uint64_t frameNumber{0};
     VkDevice device{VK_NULL_HANDLE};
 };
 

destrum/include/destrum/Graphics/Managers/ImageManager.h

@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@
 
 class VulkanImmediateExecutor;
 class MemoryManager;
+struct ImageData;
 
 class ImageManager {
 public:
@@ -41,6 +42,12 @@ public:
         bool mipMap,
         TextureIntent intent) const;
 
+    [[nodiscard]] std::optional<GPUImage> createImageFromData(
+        const ImageData& data,
+        VkImageUsageFlags usage,
+        bool mipMap,
+        const std::string& debugName) const;
+
     void uploadImageData(
         const GPUImage& image,
         const void* pixelData,

destrum/include/destrum/Graphics/Managers/MemoryManager.h

@@ -39,6 +39,11 @@ public:
         VkDeviceSize offset = 0,
         VkDeviceSize size = VK_WHOLE_SIZE) const;
 
+    void invalidateAllocation(
+        const GPUBuffer& buffer,
+        VkDeviceSize offset = 0,
+        VkDeviceSize size = VK_WHOLE_SIZE) const;
+
     [[nodiscard]] VkDeviceAddress getBufferAddress(const GPUBuffer& buffer) const;
 
 private:

destrum/include/destrum/Graphics/Managers/VulkanInstanceManager.h

@@ -27,6 +27,8 @@ public:
         VkPhysicalDeviceFeatures device{
             .imageCubeArray = VK_TRUE,
             .geometryShader = VK_TRUE,
+            .multiDrawIndirect = VK_TRUE,
+            .drawIndirectFirstInstance = VK_TRUE,
             .depthClamp = VK_TRUE,
             .fillModeNonSolid = VK_TRUE,
             .samplerAnisotropy = VK_TRUE,

destrum/include/destrum/Graphics/Material.h

@@ -29,6 +29,11 @@ enum class TextureFilteringMode : std::uint32_t {
     Anisotropic,
 };
 
+enum class BlendMode : std::uint32_t {
+    Opaque,
+    Transparent,
+};
+
 // Metallic / roughness workflow, matching glTF:
 // metallic is read from the blue channel, roughness from green and occlusion from red,
 // so a packed (occlusion)metallicRoughness texture can be used for all three slots.
@@ -59,6 +64,9 @@ struct Material {
     float normalScale{1.f};
     float occlusionStrength{1.f};
 
+    BlendMode blendMode{BlendMode::Opaque};
+    float opacity{1.f};
+
     TextureFilteringMode textureFilteringMode{TextureFilteringMode::Linear};
 
     ImageID diffuseTexture{NULL_IMAGE_ID};

destrum/include/destrum/Graphics/MeshDrawCommand.h

@@ -26,6 +26,8 @@ struct MeshDrawCommand {
     // skinned meshes only
     const SkinnedMesh* skinnedMesh{nullptr};
     std::uint32_t jointMatricesStartIndex{0};
+
+    std::uint32_t objectId{0};
 };
 
 #endif //MESHDRAWCOMMAND_H

destrum/include/destrum/Graphics/Pipelines/MeshPipeline.h

@@ -9,9 +9,8 @@
 #include <vulkan/vulkan.h>
 
 #include <destrum/Graphics/Pipeline.h>
-#include <destrum/Graphics/Camera.h>
+#include <destrum/Graphics/IndirectDrawList.h>
 #include <destrum/Graphics/Resources/Buffer.h>
-#include <destrum/Graphics/MeshDrawCommand.h>
 
 class GfxDevice;
 class RenderResources;
@@ -25,25 +24,33 @@ public:
         GfxDevice& gfxDevice,
         RenderResources& resources,
         VkFormat drawImageFormat,
-        VkFormat depthImageFormat);
+        VkFormat depthImageFormat,
+        VkFormat selectionImageFormat);
 
     void drawDepthPrepass(
         VkCommandBuffer cmd,
         VkExtent2D renderExtent,
         const RenderResources& resources,
-        const Camera& camera,
         const GPUBuffer& sceneDataBuffer,
-        const std::vector<MeshDrawCommand>& drawCommands,
+        const IndirectDrawList& drawList,
-        const std::vector<std::size_t>& sortedDrawCommands);
+        const IndirectDrawList::View& view,
+        bool writeObjectIds);
 
     void draw(
         VkCommandBuffer cmd,
         VkExtent2D renderExtent,
         const RenderResources& resources,
-        const Camera& camera,
         const GPUBuffer& sceneDataBuffer,
-        const std::vector<MeshDrawCommand>& drawCommands,
+        const IndirectDrawList& drawList,
-        const std::vector<std::size_t>& sortedDrawCommands);
+        const IndirectDrawList::View& view);
+
+    void drawTransparent(
+        VkCommandBuffer cmd,
+        VkExtent2D renderExtent,
+        const RenderResources& resources,
+        const GPUBuffer& sceneDataBuffer,
+        const IndirectDrawList& drawList,
+        const IndirectDrawList::View& view);
 
     void cleanup(VkDevice device);
 
@@ -57,11 +64,8 @@ public:
 
 private:
     struct PushConstants {
-        glm::mat4 transform;
         VkDeviceAddress sceneDataBuffer;
-        VkDeviceAddress vertexBuffer;
+        VkDeviceAddress instanceBuffer;
-        std::uint32_t materialId;
-        std::uint32_t padding;
     };
 
     void drawMeshes(
@@ -69,15 +73,16 @@ private:
         const Pipeline& pipeline,
         VkExtent2D renderExtent,
         const RenderResources& resources,
-        const Camera& camera,
         const GPUBuffer& sceneDataBuffer,
-        const std::vector<MeshDrawCommand>& drawCommands,
+        const IndirectDrawList& drawList,
-        const std::vector<std::size_t>& sortedDrawCommands);
+        const IndirectDrawList::View& view);
 
 private:
     VkPipelineLayout m_pipelineLayout{VK_NULL_HANDLE};
     std::unique_ptr<Pipeline> m_pipeline;
+    std::unique_ptr<Pipeline> m_transparentPipeline;
     std::unique_ptr<Pipeline> m_depthPrepassPipeline;
+    std::unique_ptr<Pipeline> m_selectionPrepassPipeline;
 
     bool m_renderWireframe{false};
 };

destrum/include/destrum/Graphics/Pipelines/PostProcessPipeline.h

@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+#ifndef DESTRUM_POSTPROCESSPIPELINE_H
+#define DESTRUM_POSTPROCESSPIPELINE_H
+
+#include <cstdint>
+#include <memory>
+#include <optional>
+
+#include <glm/vec2.hpp>
+#include <vulkan/vulkan.h>
+
+#include <destrum/Graphics/Pipeline.h>
+#include <destrum/Graphics/Tonemapper.h>
+#include <destrum/Graphics/ids.h>
+
+class GfxDevice;
+class RenderResources;
+
+class PostProcessPipeline final {
+public:
+    struct Settings {
+        ImageID sceneColor{NULL_IMAGE_ID};
+        std::optional<ImageID> selection;
+        std::optional<glm::ivec2> hoverPixel;
+        Tonemapper tonemapper{Tonemapper::PbrNeutral};
+        float exposure{0.0f};
+    };
+
+    void init(GfxDevice& gfxDevice, RenderResources& resources, VkFormat outputFormat);
+    void cleanup(VkDevice device);
+
+    void draw(VkCommandBuffer cmd, const RenderResources& resources, VkExtent2D extent, const Settings& settings) const;
+
+private:
+    // Must match PostPushConstants in post.frag
+    struct PushConstants {
+        std::uint32_t sceneColorTexture;
+        std::uint32_t selectionTexture;
+        std::uint32_t tonemapper;
+        float exposure;
+        glm::ivec2 hoverPixel;
+    };
+
+    VkPipelineLayout m_PipelineLayout{VK_NULL_HANDLE};
+    std::unique_ptr<Pipeline> m_Pipeline;
+};
+
+#endif // DESTRUM_POSTPROCESSPIPELINE_H

destrum/include/destrum/Graphics/Pipelines/ShadowMapPipeline.h

@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@
 #include <destrum/Graphics/Light.h>
 #include <destrum/Graphics/Pipeline.h>
 #include <destrum/Graphics/ids.h>
-#include <destrum/Graphics/MeshDrawCommand.h>
+#include <destrum/Graphics/IndirectDrawList.h>
 
 class GfxDevice;
 struct GPUImage;
@@ -32,15 +32,15 @@ public:
     void drawDirectionalShadow(
         VkCommandBuffer cmd,
         const RenderResources& resources,
-        const std::vector<MeshDrawCommand>& drawCommands,
+        const IndirectDrawList& drawList,
-        const std::vector<std::size_t>& sortedDrawCommands,
+        const IndirectDrawList::View& view,
         const glm::mat4& lightViewProj);
 
     void drawSpotShadows(
         VkCommandBuffer cmd,
         const RenderResources& resources,
-        const std::vector<MeshDrawCommand>& drawCommands,
+        const IndirectDrawList& drawList,
-        const std::vector<std::size_t>& sortedDrawCommands,
+        const std::vector<IndirectDrawList::View>& views,
         const std::vector<glm::mat4>& lightViewProjs);
 
     [[nodiscard]] glm::mat4 calculateDirectionalViewProj(const glm::vec3& lightDirection, const glm::vec3& center) const;
@@ -57,8 +57,8 @@ public:
 private:
     struct PushConstants
     {
-        glm::mat4 modelToLightClip;
+        glm::mat4 lightViewProj;
-        VkDeviceAddress vertexBuffer;
+        VkDeviceAddress instanceBuffer;
     };
 
     void beginDepthRendering(VkCommandBuffer cmd, const RenderResources& resources, const GPUImage& depthImage);
@@ -67,8 +67,8 @@ private:
     void drawShadowCasters(
         VkCommandBuffer cmd,
         const RenderResources& resources,
-        const std::vector<MeshDrawCommand>& drawCommands,
+        const IndirectDrawList& drawList,
-        const std::vector<std::size_t>& sortedDrawCommands,
+        const IndirectDrawList::View& view,
         const glm::mat4& lightViewProj);
 
     VkPipelineLayout m_pipelineLayout{VK_NULL_HANDLE};

destrum/include/destrum/Graphics/RenderContext.h

@@ -1,12 +1,17 @@
 #ifndef RENDERCONTEXT_H
 #define RENDERCONTEXT_H
 
+#include <optional>
+
+#include <destrum/Components/UI/CanvasFrame.h>
 #include <destrum/Graphics/Renderer.h>
 
 struct RenderContext {
     GameRenderer& renderer;
     const Camera& camera;
     const GameRenderer::SceneData& sceneData;
+    // Unset: canvases fill the draw image
+    std::optional<CanvasFrame> canvasFrame{};
 };
 
 #endif //RENDERCONTEXT_H

destrum/include/destrum/Graphics/RenderResources.h

@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@
 #include <filesystem>
 #include <memory>
 #include <string_view>
+#include <unordered_set>
 
 namespace ModelDoc { struct MaterialInfo; }
 
@@ -45,7 +46,24 @@ public:
         bool mipMap = true,
         TextureIntent intent = TextureIntent::ColorSrgb);
 
+    ImageID loadMaterialTexture(GfxDevice& gfxDevice, const std::filesystem::path& path, TextureIntent intent);
+
+    // While a scope is open material textures decode on job workers, closing the last one uploads them
+    void beginDeferredTextureLoads();
+    void endDeferredTextureLoads();
+
+    struct ReleaseStats {
+        std::size_t meshes{0};
+        std::size_t materials{0};
+        std::size_t images{0};
+    };
+    ReleaseStats releaseUnused(
+        GfxDevice& gfxDevice,
+        const std::unordered_set<MeshID>& usedMeshes,
+        const std::unordered_set<MaterialID>& usedMaterials);
+
     ImageID addImageToCache(GPUImage image);
+    void destroyImage(ImageID id);
 
     // Imports a file-backed model and uploads its mesh/material resources.
     // References are keyed as "source#subresource" in the resource caches.
@@ -85,9 +103,26 @@ private:
     std::unique_ptr<MeshCache> meshCache;
     std::unique_ptr<MaterialCache> materialCache;
 
+    std::unordered_set<ImageID> materialTextures;
+    std::unordered_set<ImageID> pinnedImages;
+
     ImageID whiteImageId{NULL_IMAGE_ID};
     ImageID errorImageId{NULL_IMAGE_ID};
     ImageID defaultNormalImageId{NULL_IMAGE_ID};
+
+    int deferredTextureLoads{0};
+};
+
+class DeferredTextureLoadScope {
+public:
+    explicit DeferredTextureLoadScope(RenderResources* resources);
+    ~DeferredTextureLoadScope();
+
+    DeferredTextureLoadScope(const DeferredTextureLoadScope&) = delete;
+    DeferredTextureLoadScope& operator=(const DeferredTextureLoadScope&) = delete;
+
+private:
+    RenderResources* resources;
 };
 
 #endif

destrum/include/destrum/Graphics/Renderer.h

@@ -2,16 +2,20 @@
 #define RENDERER_H
 
 #include <glm/mat4x4.hpp>
+#include <glm/vec2.hpp>
 #include <glm/vec3.hpp>
 
 #include <destrum/Graphics/Camera.h>
+#include <destrum/Graphics/IndirectDrawList.h>
 #include <destrum/Graphics/Light.h>
 #include <destrum/Graphics/Pipelines/LightCullingPipeline.h>
 #include <destrum/Graphics/Pipelines/LineRenderingPass.h>
 #include <destrum/Graphics/Pipelines/MeshPipeline.h>
+#include <destrum/Graphics/Pipelines/PostProcessPipeline.h>
 #include <destrum/Graphics/Pipelines/Renderer2DPass.h>
 #include <destrum/Graphics/Pipelines/ShadowMapPipeline.h>
 #include <destrum/Graphics/ids.h>
+#include <destrum/Graphics/Tonemapper.h>
 #include <destrum/Graphics/MeshDrawCommand.h>
 #include <destrum/Graphics/Resources/NBuffer.h>
 #include <destrum/Graphics/RenderResources.h>
@@ -20,6 +24,9 @@
 #include <array>
 #include <memory>
 #include <optional>
+#include <span>
+#include <unordered_set>
+#include <utility>
 #include <vector>
 
 #include <destrum/Graphics/Pipelines/SkinningPipeline.h>
@@ -29,6 +36,15 @@
 class GameRenderer
 {
 public:
+    struct DrawStats
+    {
+        std::uint32_t meshDraws{0};
+        std::uint32_t indirectCommands{0};
+        std::uint32_t instances{0};
+        std::uint32_t mainViewCommands{0};
+        std::uint32_t mainViewInstances{0};
+    };
+
     struct SceneData
     {
         const Camera& camera;
@@ -37,6 +53,8 @@ public:
         glm::vec3 fogColor;
         float fogDensity;
         float skyboxRotation{0.0f}; // radians around the world up axis
+        float exposure{0.0f}; // EV stops, the scene color is multiplied by 2^exposure
+        Tonemapper tonemapper{Tonemapper::PbrNeutral};
     };
 
     explicit GameRenderer();
@@ -48,24 +66,23 @@ public:
     void draw(VkCommandBuffer cmd, GfxDevice& gfxDevice, const Camera& camera, const SceneData& sceneData);
     void cleanup(GfxDevice& gfxDevice);
 
-    void drawMesh(MeshID id, const glm::mat4& transform, MaterialID materialId);
+    void drawMesh(MeshID id, const glm::mat4& transform, MaterialID materialId, std::uint32_t objectId = 0);
     void drawSkinnedMesh(MeshID id, const glm::mat4& transform, MaterialID materialId, SkinnedMesh* skinnedMesh,
-                         std::size_t jointMatricesStartIndex);
+                         std::size_t jointMatricesStartIndex, std::uint32_t objectId = 0);
     void submitLight(const Light& light);
     const GPUImage& getDrawImage() const;
 
     void resize(GfxDevice& gfxDevice, const glm::ivec2& newSize)
     {
-        createDrawImage(gfxDevice, newSize, false);
+        createDrawImage(gfxDevice, newSize);
         lightCullingPipeline->resize(gfxDevice, newSize);
     }
 
     Material& getMaterialMutable(MaterialID id);
     void updateMaterialGPU(MaterialID id);
 
-    void setSkyboxTexture(ImageID skyboxImageId);
+    void setSkyboxTexture(ImageID imageId);
 
-    void flushMaterialUpdates(GfxDevice& gfxDevice);
 
     [[nodiscard]] SkinningPipeline& getSkinningPipeline() const
     {
@@ -92,6 +109,43 @@ public:
         return renderLightHeatmap;
     }
 
+    void setRenderSelectionView(bool selectionView)
+    {
+        renderSelectionView = selectionView;
+    }
+
+    bool getRenderSelectionView() const
+    {
+        return renderSelectionView;
+    }
+
+    void setSelectionPassEnabled(bool enabled)
+    {
+        selectionPassEnabled = enabled;
+    }
+
+    void requestSelectionPick(const glm::ivec2& pixel)
+    {
+        requestedPick = pixel;
+    }
+
+    void setHoverPixel(std::optional<glm::ivec2> pixel)
+    {
+        hoverPixel = pixel;
+    }
+
+    void setHighlightedObjects(std::span<const std::uint32_t> objectIds)
+    {
+        highlightedObjects = {objectIds.begin(), objectIds.end()};
+    }
+
+    bool reloadShaders(GfxDevice& gfxDevice);
+
+    [[nodiscard]] std::optional<std::uint32_t> takeSelectionPick()
+    {
+        return std::exchange(pickResult, std::nullopt);
+    }
+
     void setShadowDistance(float distance)
     {
         shadowMapPipeline->setShadowDistance(distance);
@@ -107,29 +161,53 @@ public:
         return resources;
     }
 
+    [[nodiscard]] const DrawStats& getDrawStats() const { return lastDrawStats; }
+
     void draw2D(
         VkCommandBuffer cmd,
         GfxDevice& gfxDevice,
         const glm::mat4& projection);
 
 private:
-    void createDrawImage(GfxDevice& gfxDevice, const glm::ivec2& drawImageSize, bool firstCreate);
+    void createDrawImage(GfxDevice& gfxDevice, const glm::ivec2& drawImageSize);
     void uploadLights(const Camera& camera);
+    void recordSelectionPick(VkCommandBuffer cmd, std::uint32_t frameIndex);
     [[nodiscard]] std::uint32_t assignShadowIndex(const Light& light, const Frustum& cameraFrustum);
 
     RenderResources* resources = nullptr;
 
+    void recordMaterialUpdates(VkCommandBuffer cmd);
+
     std::vector<MaterialID> pendingMaterialUploads;
 
 
     std::vector<MeshDrawCommand> meshDrawCommands;
     std::vector<std::size_t> sortedMeshDrawCommands;
+    std::vector<std::size_t> transparentMeshDrawCommands;
+    IndirectDrawList drawList;
+    DrawStats lastDrawStats;
 
-    VkFormat drawImageFormat{VK_FORMAT_R16G16B16A16_SFLOAT};
+    static constexpr std::uint32_t HighlightedObjectFlag = 0x80000000u;
+
+    VkFormat sceneColorFormat{VK_FORMAT_R16G16B16A16_SFLOAT};
+    VkFormat drawImageFormat{VK_FORMAT_R8G8B8A8_SRGB};
     VkFormat depthImageFormat{VK_FORMAT_D32_SFLOAT};
+    VkFormat selectionImageFormat{VK_FORMAT_R32_UINT};
 
+    ImageID sceneColorImageId{NULL_IMAGE_ID};
     ImageID drawImageId{NULL_IMAGE_ID};
+    ImageID skyboxImageId{NULL_IMAGE_ID};
     ImageID depthImageId{NULL_IMAGE_ID};
+    ImageID selectionImageId{NULL_IMAGE_ID};
+
+    std::array<GPUBuffer, FRAMES_IN_FLIGHT> pickBuffers{};
+    std::array<bool, FRAMES_IN_FLIGHT> pickPending{};
+    std::optional<glm::ivec2> requestedPick;
+    std::optional<std::uint32_t> pickResult;
+    std::optional<glm::ivec2> hoverPixel;
+    std::unordered_set<std::uint32_t> highlightedObjects;
+    bool selectionPassEnabled{false};
+    bool renderSelectionView{false};
 
     VkSampleCountFlagBits samples{VK_SAMPLE_COUNT_1_BIT};
 
@@ -158,7 +236,7 @@ private:
 
         std::uint32_t shadowMapId;
         float shadowNormalOffset;
-        std::uint32_t padding;
+        std::uint32_t debugSelectionView;
         glm::mat4 lightViewProj;
 
         std::uint32_t spotShadowAtlasId;
@@ -176,6 +254,7 @@ private:
     std::unique_ptr<SkinningPipeline> skinningPipeline;
     std::unique_ptr<LightCullingPipeline> lightCullingPipeline;
     std::unique_ptr<ShadowMapPipeline> shadowMapPipeline;
+    std::unique_ptr<PostProcessPipeline> postProcessPipeline;
 
     std::optional<glm::vec3> shadowLightDirection;
     std::vector<Light> submittedLights;

destrum/include/destrum/Graphics/Resources/Mesh.h

@@ -20,10 +20,11 @@
 
 struct GPUMesh {
     GPUBuffer vertexBuffer;
-    GPUBuffer indexBuffer;
 
     std::uint32_t numVertices{0};
     std::uint32_t numIndices{0};
+    // offset into MeshCache::getIndexBuffer(), every mesh shares that one index buffer
+    std::uint32_t firstIndex{0};
 
     // AABB
     glm::vec3 minPos;

destrum/include/destrum/Graphics/Resources/PrimitiveMeshes.h

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 #ifndef PRIMITIVEMESHES_H
 #define PRIMITIVEMESHES_H
 
+#include <array>
 #include <optional>
 #include <string>
 #include <string_view>
@@ -10,9 +11,36 @@
 #include <destrum/Graphics/Resources/CPUMesh.h>
 
 namespace PrimitiveMeshes {
+    enum class Shape {
+        Box,
+        Plane,
+        Sphere,
+        Cylinder,
+        Capsule,
+    };
+
+    inline constexpr std::array<Shape, 5> AllShapes{
+        Shape::Box, Shape::Plane, Shape::Sphere, Shape::Cylinder, Shape::Capsule,
+    };
+
+    struct Desc {
+        Shape shape{Shape::Box};
+        glm::vec3 size{1.0f};
+        float radius{0.5f};
+        float height{2.0f};
+
+        bool operator==(const Desc&) const = default;
+    };
+
+    [[nodiscard]] const char* ShapeName(Shape shape);
+    [[nodiscard]] Desc DefaultDesc(Shape shape);
+
+    [[nodiscard]] CPUMesh Make(const Desc& desc);
     [[nodiscard]] CPUMesh MakeBox(const glm::vec3& size);
 
+    [[nodiscard]] std::string MakeKey(const Desc& desc);
     [[nodiscard]] std::string BoxKey(const glm::vec3& size);
+    [[nodiscard]] std::optional<Desc> ParseKey(std::string_view key);
     [[nodiscard]] bool IsPrimitiveKey(std::string_view key);
     [[nodiscard]] std::string_view StripDuplicateSuffix(std::string_view key);
     [[nodiscard]] std::optional<CPUMesh> MakeFromKey(std::string_view key);

destrum/include/destrum/Graphics/Swapchain.h

@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
 
 #include <VkBootstrap.h>
 
-static constexpr int FRAMES_IN_FLIGHT = 2;
+#include <destrum/Graphics/FrameConfig.h>
 
 class Swapchain {
 public:

destrum/include/destrum/Graphics/Tonemapper.h

@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+#ifndef DESTRUM_TONEMAPPER_H
+#define DESTRUM_TONEMAPPER_H
+
+#include <array>
+#include <cstdint>
+#include <optional>
+#include <string_view>
+
+// Must match the TONEMAPPER_ defines in post.frag
+enum class Tonemapper : std::uint32_t {
+    None,
+    Aces,
+    PbrNeutral,
+};
+
+inline constexpr std::array<std::string_view, 3> TonemapperNames{"none", "aces", "pbrNeutral"};
+
+[[nodiscard]] inline std::string_view ToString(Tonemapper tonemapper)
+{
+    return TonemapperNames.at(static_cast<std::size_t>(tonemapper));
+}
+
+[[nodiscard]] inline std::optional<Tonemapper> ParseTonemapper(std::string_view name)
+{
+    for (std::size_t i = 0; i < TonemapperNames.size(); ++i) {
+        if (TonemapperNames[i] == name) {
+            return static_cast<Tonemapper>(i);
+        }
+    }
+    return std::nullopt;
+}
+
+#endif // DESTRUM_TONEMAPPER_H

destrum/include/destrum/Graphics/Util.h

@@ -83,6 +83,18 @@ namespace vkutil {
         VkDeviceSize offset = 0,
         VkDeviceSize size = VK_WHOLE_SIZE);
 
+    void bufferShaderReadToTransferWriteBarrier(
+        VkCommandBuffer cmd,
+        VkBuffer buffer,
+        VkDeviceSize offset = 0,
+        VkDeviceSize size = VK_WHOLE_SIZE);
+
+    void bufferHostAndTransferWriteToShaderReadBarrier(
+        VkCommandBuffer cmd,
+        VkBuffer buffer,
+        VkDeviceSize offset = 0,
+        VkDeviceSize size = VK_WHOLE_SIZE);
+
     void bufferHostWriteToTransferReadBarrier(
         VkCommandBuffer cmd,
         VkBuffer buffer,

destrum/include/destrum/ObjectModel/Component.h

@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@
 #include <destrum/ObjectModel/Object.h>
 #include <destrum/ObjectModel/ObjectId.h>
 
+class FieldVisitor;
 class GameObject;
 class Transform;
 
@@ -51,15 +52,16 @@ public:
     // Serialization.
     virtual std::string GetTypeName() const = 0;
 
-    virtual nlohmann::json Serialize() const {
+    // The defaults save, load, resolve and draw the fields listed by Reflect
-        return nlohmann::json::object();
+    virtual void Reflect(FieldVisitor&) {
     }
 
-    virtual void Deserialize(const nlohmann::json&) {
+    virtual void OnFieldsEdited() {
     }
 
-    virtual void ResolveReferences(const ObjectMap&) {
+    virtual nlohmann::json Serialize() const;
-    }
+    virtual void Deserialize(const nlohmann::json& data);
+    virtual void ResolveReferences(const ObjectMap& objects);
 
     // Trigger callbacks called when this component's owner overlaps a sensor.
     // Only called when the owner has a Collider set as a trigger (or overlaps one).

destrum/include/destrum/Physics/PhysicsMeshCache.h

@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+#pragma once
+
+#include <memory>
+#include <string>
+
+#include <destrum/Physics/PhysicsTypes.h>
+
+struct CPUMesh;
+
+// Shares collision data between colliders using the same mesh, so physics backends can share their shapes too.
+// Main thread only.
+namespace PhysicsMeshCache {
+    [[nodiscard]] std::shared_ptr<const PhysicsMeshData> FromCPUMesh(const std::string& key, const CPUMesh& mesh);
+
+    // Null when the points don't span a volume (e.g. a plane)
+    [[nodiscard]] std::shared_ptr<const PhysicsMeshData> ConvexHull(const std::shared_ptr<const PhysicsMeshData>& source,
+                                                                    int maxVertices);
+}

destrum/include/destrum/Physics/PhysicsSceneBridge.h

@@ -4,19 +4,9 @@
 #include <vector>
 
 #include <destrum/Physics/PhysicsWorld.h>
-#include <destrum/Physics/SimplePhysicsWorld.h>
 
 class GameObject;
 
-// Small helper you can store inside Scene.
-//
-// Example:
-// class Scene {
-// public:
-//     PhysicsSceneBridge& GetPhysics() { return m_Physics; }
-// private:
-//     PhysicsSceneBridge m_Physics{std::make_unique<SimplePhysicsWorld>()};
-// };
 class PhysicsSceneBridge final {
 public:
     explicit PhysicsSceneBridge(std::unique_ptr<PhysicsWorld> world);

destrum/include/destrum/Physics/PhysicsTypes.h

@@ -2,6 +2,8 @@
 
 #include <cstdint>
 #include <limits>
+#include <memory>
+#include <vector>
 #include <glm/glm.hpp>
 #include <glm/gtc/quaternion.hpp>
 
@@ -17,7 +19,10 @@ enum class PhysicsShapeType {
     None,
     Box,
     Sphere,
-    Capsule
+    Capsule,
+    Cylinder,
+    ConvexHull,
+    Mesh
 };
 
 struct PhysicsBodyHandle {
@@ -50,6 +55,12 @@ struct PhysicsMaterialDesc {
     float restitution{0.0f};
 };
 
+// Triangles share vertices through indices. A convex hull only uses the points, the indices are for drawing it.
+struct PhysicsMeshData {
+    std::vector<glm::vec3> points;
+    std::vector<std::uint32_t> indices;
+};
+
 struct PhysicsShapeDesc {
     PhysicsShapeType type{PhysicsShapeType::None};
 
@@ -59,9 +70,14 @@ struct PhysicsShapeDesc {
     // Sphere / capsule
     float radius{0.5f};
 
-    // Capsule full height, including the two hemispheres.
+    // Capsule full height, including the two hemispheres. Cylinder full height.
     float height{2.0f};
 
+    // Convex hull / mesh, in the collider's local space before scale. Backends may cache
+    // shapes per mesh data, so it must not be modified once shared.
+    std::shared_ptr<const PhysicsMeshData> mesh;
+    glm::vec3 scale{1.0f};
+
     // Local offset from the rigidbody transform.
     glm::vec3 centerOffset{0.0f};
 
@@ -101,6 +117,45 @@ struct PhysicsShapeDesc {
         desc.isTrigger = isTrigger;
         return desc;
     }
+
+    [[nodiscard]] static PhysicsShapeDesc Cylinder(float radius,
+                                                   float height,
+                                                   const glm::vec3& centerOffset = glm::vec3{0.0f},
+                                                   bool isTrigger = false) {
+        PhysicsShapeDesc desc{};
+        desc.type = PhysicsShapeType::Cylinder;
+        desc.radius = radius;
+        desc.height = height;
+        desc.centerOffset = centerOffset;
+        desc.isTrigger = isTrigger;
+        return desc;
+    }
+
+    [[nodiscard]] static PhysicsShapeDesc ConvexHull(std::shared_ptr<const PhysicsMeshData> hull,
+                                                     const glm::vec3& scale = glm::vec3{1.0f},
+                                                     const glm::vec3& centerOffset = glm::vec3{0.0f},
+                                                     bool isTrigger = false) {
+        PhysicsShapeDesc desc{};
+        desc.type = PhysicsShapeType::ConvexHull;
+        desc.mesh = std::move(hull);
+        desc.scale = scale;
+        desc.centerOffset = centerOffset;
+        desc.isTrigger = isTrigger;
+        return desc;
+    }
+
+    [[nodiscard]] static PhysicsShapeDesc Mesh(std::shared_ptr<const PhysicsMeshData> mesh,
+                                               const glm::vec3& scale = glm::vec3{1.0f},
+                                               const glm::vec3& centerOffset = glm::vec3{0.0f},
+                                               bool isTrigger = false) {
+        PhysicsShapeDesc desc{};
+        desc.type = PhysicsShapeType::Mesh;
+        desc.mesh = std::move(mesh);
+        desc.scale = scale;
+        desc.centerOffset = centerOffset;
+        desc.isTrigger = isTrigger;
+        return desc;
+    }
 };
 
 struct PhysicsBodyDesc {

destrum/include/destrum/Physics/SimplePhysicsWorld.h

@@ -1,89 +0,0 @@
-#pragma once
-
-#include <vector>
-#include <optional>
-
-#include <destrum/Physics/PhysicsWorld.h>
-
-class Rigidbody;
-
-// Simple CPU placeholder backend.
-//
-// This is NOT a replacement for Jolt/PhysX/Bullet.
-// It exists so your component/scene/render sync can be implemented and tested
-// before the real backend is added.
-//
-// It supports:
-// - static, dynamic, kinematic bodies
-// - gravity
-// - force/impulse integration
-// - very simple sphere/box/capsule raycasts using bounding spheres
-//
-// It does NOT support:
-// - collision response
-// - contacts
-// - friction
-// - constraints
-// - real character controllers
-class SimplePhysicsWorld final : public PhysicsWorld {
-public:
-    explicit SimplePhysicsWorld(const glm::vec3& gravity = glm::vec3{0.0f, -9.81f, 0.0f});
-
-    void Step(float fixedDt) override;
-
-    PhysicsBodyHandle CreateBody(const PhysicsBodyDesc& desc) override;
-    void DestroyBody(PhysicsBodyHandle body) override;
-
-    void SetBodyTransform(PhysicsBodyHandle body, const PhysicsTransform& transform) override;
-    PhysicsTransform GetBodyTransform(PhysicsBodyHandle body) const override;
-
-    void SetLinearVelocity(PhysicsBodyHandle body, const glm::vec3& velocity) override;
-    glm::vec3 GetLinearVelocity(PhysicsBodyHandle body) const override;
-
-    void AddForce(PhysicsBodyHandle body, const glm::vec3& force) override;
-    void AddImpulse(PhysicsBodyHandle body, const glm::vec3& impulse) override;
-
-    bool Raycast(const glm::vec3& origin,
-                 const glm::vec3& direction,
-                 float maxDistance,
-                 PhysicsRaycastHit& hit,
-                 PhysicsBodyHandle ignoreBody = {}) const override;
-
-    void SyncKinematicBodiesToPhysics(float fixedDt) override;
-    void SyncDynamicBodiesToTransforms();
-
-    [[nodiscard]] const glm::vec3& GetGravity() const { return m_Gravity; }
-    void SetGravity(const glm::vec3& gravity) { m_Gravity = gravity; }
-
-private:
-    struct BodyRecord {
-        bool alive{false};
-
-        PhysicsBodyHandle handle{};
-        PhysicsBodyDesc desc{};
-
-        PhysicsTransform previousTransform{};
-        PhysicsTransform currentTransform{};
-
-        glm::vec3 linearVelocity{0.0f};
-        glm::vec3 accumulatedForce{0.0f};
-
-        Rigidbody* rigidbody{nullptr};
-    };
-
-    [[nodiscard]] BodyRecord* FindBody(PhysicsBodyHandle body);
-    [[nodiscard]] const BodyRecord* FindBody(PhysicsBodyHandle body) const;
-
-    [[nodiscard]] float GetApproxBoundingRadius(const BodyRecord& body) const;
-    [[nodiscard]] static bool RaySphere(const glm::vec3& origin,
-                                        const glm::vec3& dirNormalized,
-                                        const glm::vec3& center,
-                                        float radius,
-                                        float maxDistance,
-                                        float& outDistance);
-
-    glm::vec3 m_Gravity{0.0f, -9.81f, 0.0f};
-
-    std::vector<BodyRecord> m_Bodies;
-    std::uint32_t m_NextId{0};
-};

destrum/include/destrum/Scene/ResourceCollector.h

@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+#ifndef DESTRUM_RESOURCECOLLECTOR_H
+#define DESTRUM_RESOURCECOLLECTOR_H
+
+class GfxDevice;
+class RenderResources;
+class SceneManager;
+
+void CollectUnusedResources(SceneManager& sceneManager, RenderResources& resources, GfxDevice& gfxDevice);
+
+#endif // DESTRUM_RESOURCECOLLECTOR_H

destrum/include/destrum/Scene/Scene.h

@@ -6,9 +6,9 @@
 #include <memory>
 
 #include <destrum/Event.h>
+#include <destrum/Graphics/Tonemapper.h>
 #include <destrum/ObjectModel/ObjectId.h>
 #include <destrum/Scene/SceneManager.h>
-#include <destrum/Util/SceneInspector.h>
 
 #include "destrum/Physics/JoltPhysicsWorld.h"
 #include "destrum/Physics/PhysicsSceneBridge.h"
@@ -26,6 +26,9 @@ struct SceneEnvironment {
 
     float skyboxRotationSpeed{0.01f};
     float skyboxRotation{0.0f};
+
+    float exposure{0.0f};
+    Tonemapper tonemapper{Tonemapper::PbrNeutral};
 };
 class SceneSerializer;
 class PrefabSerializer;
@@ -49,7 +52,6 @@ public:
     void FixedUpdate(float dt);
     void LateUpdate(float dt);
     void Render(const RenderContext& ctx);
-    void RenderImgui(bool* open = nullptr);
 
     void CleanupDestroyedGameObjects();
     void Unload();
@@ -76,6 +78,9 @@ public:
     // nullptr. Also reorders the object list so the order survives a save. False if the move isn't allowed.
     bool MoveInHierarchy(GameObject& object, GameObject* parent, const GameObject* insertBefore = nullptr);
     void SetSelectedObject(ObjectId id) { m_SelectedObjectId = id; }
+    [[nodiscard]] ObjectId GetSelectedObjectId() const { return m_SelectedObjectId; }
+
+    void DrawSettingsImGui();
     [[nodiscard]] GameObject* GetSelectedObject() const { return FindGameObject(m_SelectedObjectId); }
 
     void SetRegisterBindings(std::function<void()> registerBindings) {
@@ -159,13 +164,11 @@ private:
     //Imgui vars
     bool m_ShowDemoWindow{false};
     ObjectId m_SelectedObjectId{InvalidObjectId};
-    SceneInspector m_Inspector;
 
     ObjectId m_CurrentCameraId{InvalidObjectId};
 
     SceneEnvironment m_Environment{};
 
-    void DrawSettingsImGui();
 
     std::function<void()> m_registerBindings;
     std::function<void()> m_unregisterBindings;

destrum/include/destrum/Scene/SceneManager.h

@@ -18,12 +18,16 @@ public:
     Scene& GetCurrentScene() const;
     const std::vector<std::shared_ptr<Scene>>& GetActiveScenes() const { return m_activeScenes; }
 
+    void SetPlaying(bool playing) { m_playing = playing; }
+    [[nodiscard]] bool IsPlaying() const { return m_playing; }
+    void SetPaused(bool paused) { m_paused = paused; }
+    [[nodiscard]] bool IsPaused() const { return m_paused; }
+
     void Update(float dt);
     void FixedUpdate(float dt);
     void LateUpdate(float dt);
 
     void Render(const RenderContext& ctx);
-    void RenderImgui(bool* open = nullptr);
 
     void HandleGameObjectDestroy();
     void DestroyGameObjects();
@@ -52,6 +56,11 @@ private:
 
     std::vector<std::shared_ptr<Scene>> m_activeScenes;
     std::vector<std::shared_ptr<Scene>> m_scenes;
+
+    [[nodiscard]] bool IsTicking() const { return m_playing && !m_paused; }
+
+    bool m_playing{true};
+    bool m_paused{false};
 };
 
 #endif //SCENEMANAGER_H

destrum/include/destrum/Serialization/EngineComponentList.h

@@ -2,6 +2,8 @@
 #define DESTRUM_ENGINECOMPONENTLIST_H
 
 #include <destrum/Components/Animator.h>
+#include <destrum/Components/AudioListener.h>
+#include <destrum/Components/AudioSource.h>
 #include <destrum/Components/CameraComponent.h>
 #include <destrum/Components/LightComponent.h>
 #include <destrum/Components/MeshRendererComponent.h>
@@ -10,6 +12,9 @@
 #include <destrum/Components/Spinner.h>
 #include <destrum/Components/Physics/BoxCollider.h>
 #include <destrum/Components/Physics/CapsuleCollider.h>
+#include <destrum/Components/Physics/ConvexHullCollider.h>
+#include <destrum/Components/Physics/CylinderCollider.h>
+#include <destrum/Components/Physics/MeshCollider.h>
 #include <destrum/Components/Physics/Rigidbody.h>
 #include <destrum/Components/Physics/SphereCollider.h>
 #include <destrum/Components/UI/Canvas.h>
@@ -25,10 +30,12 @@
     X(Spinner) \
     X(OrbitAndSpin) \
     X(Animator) \
+    X(AudioSource) \
+    X(AudioListener) \
     X(Rigidbody) \
     X(BoxCollider) \
     X(SphereCollider) \
-    X(CapsuleCollider) \
+    X(CapsuleCollider)     X(CylinderCollider)     X(ConvexHullCollider)     X(MeshCollider) \
     X(Canvas) \
     X(RectTransform) \
     X(UIImage) \

destrum/include/destrum/Serialization/MaterialSerialization.h

@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+#ifndef DESTRUM_MATERIALSERIALIZATION_H
+#define DESTRUM_MATERIALSERIALIZATION_H
+
+#include <functional>
+#include <optional>
+#include <string>
+#include <string_view>
+
+#include <nlohmann/json.hpp>
+
+#include <destrum/Graphics/Material.h>
+
+class GfxDevice;
+class RenderResources;
+
+namespace MaterialSerialization {
+    inline constexpr int CurrentFileVersion = 1;
+
+    using TextureWriter = std::function<nlohmann::json(ImageID)>;
+    using TextureReader = std::function<ImageID(const nlohmann::json&)>;
+
+    [[nodiscard]] nlohmann::json ToJson(const Material& material, const TextureWriter& writeTexture);
+    [[nodiscard]] Material FromJson(const nlohmann::json& data, const TextureReader& readTexture);
+    [[nodiscard]] std::optional<std::string> Validate(const nlohmann::json& materials);
+
+    [[nodiscard]] bool IsFileKey(std::string_view key);
+    [[nodiscard]] nlohmann::json ToFile(const Material& material, const RenderResources* resources = nullptr);
+    MaterialID LoadFile(RenderResources& resources, GfxDevice& gfxDevice, std::string_view path);
+    bool SaveFile(const RenderResources& resources, MaterialID id, std::string_view path);
+
+    [[nodiscard]] nlohmann::json EmbedLocalMaterials(nlohmann::json& objects);
+    void LoadLocalMaterials(const nlohmann::json& materials, nlohmann::json& objects);
+}
+
+#endif //DESTRUM_MATERIALSERIALIZATION_H

destrum/include/destrum/Serialization/ObjectSerialization.h

@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ namespace ObjectSerialization {
     using ObjectMap = std::unordered_map<ObjectId, GameObject*>;
     using ValidationError = std::optional<std::string>;
 
-    constexpr int CurrentObjectVersion = 2;
+    constexpr int CurrentObjectVersion = 3;
 
     [[nodiscard]] std::optional<std::string> FindNonFinite(const nlohmann::json& value, const std::string& path);
 

destrum/include/destrum/Serialization/PrefabSerializer.h

@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ class Transform;
 
 class PrefabSerializer final {
 public:
-    static constexpr int CurrentPrefabVersion = 1;
+    static constexpr int CurrentPrefabVersion = 2;
 
     [[nodiscard]] static std::optional<nlohmann::json> Capture(const GameObject& root);
     static bool Save(const GameObject& root, const std::filesystem::path& path);

destrum/include/destrum/Serialization/Reflect.h

@@ -0,0 +1,292 @@
+#ifndef DESTRUM_REFLECT_H
+#define DESTRUM_REFLECT_H
+
+#include <concepts>
+#include <cstdint>
+#include <functional>
+#include <optional>
+#include <span>
+#include <stdexcept>
+#include <string>
+#include <string_view>
+#include <type_traits>
+#include <vector>
+
+#include <glm/glm.hpp>
+#include <nlohmann/json.hpp>
+
+#include <destrum/ObjectModel/ObjectRef.h>
+#include <destrum/Serialization/GlmJson.h>
+
+class Component;
+class GameObject;
+class Scene;
+
+// Designated initializers have to follow this order
+struct FieldOptions {
+    float speed = 0.1f;
+    std::optional<double> min;
+    std::optional<double> max;
+    const char* format = nullptr;
+    bool color = false;
+    bool angle = false;        // radians, shown in degrees
+    bool multiline = false;
+    bool acceptAssets = false; // strings take a virtual path dropped from the asset browser
+    bool readOnly = false;
+    bool hidden = false;       // saved, not shown
+    bool transient = false;    // shown, not saved
+    const char* label = nullptr;
+    const char* tooltip = nullptr;
+    std::span<const char* const> enumNames;
+    std::function<bool(const GameObject&)> filter;
+};
+
+struct FieldOps {
+    void (*save)(const void* value, nlohmann::json& out, const FieldOptions& options);
+    void (*load)(void* value, const nlohmann::json& in, const FieldOptions& options);
+    bool (*draw)(const char* label, void* value, const FieldOptions& options, const Scene* scene);
+    void (*resolve)(void* value, const ObjectRef::ObjectMap& objects, std::vector<ObjectId>& dropped);
+};
+
+namespace reflect_detail {
+    enum class Scalar { S8, U8, S16, U16, S32, U32, S64, U64, Float, Double };
+
+    template <class T>
+    consteval Scalar ScalarOf()
+    {
+        if constexpr (std::same_as<T, float>) return Scalar::Float;
+        else if constexpr (std::same_as<T, double>) return Scalar::Double;
+        else if constexpr (std::is_signed_v<T>) {
+            if constexpr (sizeof(T) == 1) return Scalar::S8;
+            else if constexpr (sizeof(T) == 2) return Scalar::S16;
+            else if constexpr (sizeof(T) == 4) return Scalar::S32;
+            else return Scalar::S64;
+        } else {
+            if constexpr (sizeof(T) == 1) return Scalar::U8;
+            else if constexpr (sizeof(T) == 2) return Scalar::U16;
+            else if constexpr (sizeof(T) == 4) return Scalar::U32;
+            else return Scalar::U64;
+        }
+    }
+
+    bool DrawScalar(const char* label, Scalar type, void* value, int components, const void* min, const void* max, const FieldOptions& options);
+    bool DrawAngle(const char* label, float& radians, const FieldOptions& options);
+    bool DrawEnum(const char* label, std::int64_t& value, const FieldOptions& options);
+
+    void BeginList(const char* label);
+    [[nodiscard]] bool ListRemoveButton(std::size_t index);
+    void EndListRow();
+    [[nodiscard]] bool ListAddButton();
+
+    [[nodiscard]] std::string PrettifyFieldName(std::string_view key);
+
+    template <class T>
+    concept Numeric = std::is_arithmetic_v<T> && !std::same_as<T, bool>;
+
+    template <class T>
+    concept FloatVec = std::same_as<T, glm::vec2> || std::same_as<T, glm::vec3> || std::same_as<T, glm::vec4>;
+}
+
+bool DrawField(const char* label, bool& value, const FieldOptions& options, const Scene* scene);
+bool DrawField(const char* label, std::string& value, const FieldOptions& options, const Scene* scene);
+bool DrawField(const char* label, glm::vec2& value, const FieldOptions& options, const Scene* scene);
+bool DrawField(const char* label, glm::vec3& value, const FieldOptions& options, const Scene* scene);
+bool DrawField(const char* label, glm::vec4& value, const FieldOptions& options, const Scene* scene);
+bool DrawField(const char* label, ObjectRef& value, const FieldOptions& options, const Scene* scene);
+bool DrawField(const char* label, std::vector<ObjectRef>& value, const FieldOptions& options, const Scene* scene);
+
+template <reflect_detail::Numeric T>
+bool DrawField(const char* label, T& value, const FieldOptions& options, const Scene*)
+{
+    if constexpr (std::same_as<T, float>) {
+        if (options.angle) {
+            return reflect_detail::DrawAngle(label, value, options);
+        }
+    }
+    const T min = options.min ? static_cast<T>(*options.min) : T{};
+    const T max = options.max ? static_cast<T>(*options.max) : T{};
+    return reflect_detail::DrawScalar(label, reflect_detail::ScalarOf<T>(), &value, 1,
+                                      options.min ? &min : nullptr, options.max ? &max : nullptr, options);
+}
+
+template <class E>
+    requires std::is_enum_v<E>
+bool DrawField(const char* label, E& value, const FieldOptions& options, const Scene*)
+{
+    auto raw = static_cast<std::int64_t>(value);
+    if (!reflect_detail::DrawEnum(label, raw, options)) {
+        return false;
+    }
+    value = static_cast<E>(raw);
+    return true;
+}
+
+template <class T>
+bool DrawField(const char* label, std::vector<T>& values, const FieldOptions& options, const Scene* scene)
+{
+    reflect_detail::BeginList(label);
+    bool changed = false;
+    std::optional<std::size_t> removeIndex;
+    for (std::size_t i = 0; i < values.size(); ++i) {
+        if (reflect_detail::ListRemoveButton(i)) {
+            removeIndex = i;
+        }
+        changed |= DrawField("##value", values[i], options, scene);
+        reflect_detail::EndListRow();
+    }
+    if (removeIndex) {
+        values.erase(values.begin() + static_cast<std::ptrdiff_t>(*removeIndex));
+        changed = true;
+    }
+    if (reflect_detail::ListAddButton()) {
+        values.emplace_back();
+        changed = true;
+    }
+    return changed;
+}
+
+void ResolveField(ObjectRef& value, const ObjectRef::ObjectMap& objects, std::vector<ObjectId>& dropped);
+void ResolveField(std::vector<ObjectRef>& value, const ObjectRef::ObjectMap& objects, std::vector<ObjectId>& dropped);
+
+template <class T>
+concept Reflectable = std::is_constructible_v<nlohmann::json, const T&> &&
+    requires(T& value, const FieldOptions& options, const Scene* scene) {
+        { DrawField("", value, options, scene) } -> std::same_as<bool>;
+    };
+
+template <class T>
+concept HasReferences = requires(T& value, const ObjectRef::ObjectMap& objects, std::vector<ObjectId>& dropped) {
+    ResolveField(value, objects, dropped);
+};
+
+template <Reflectable T>
+struct FieldCodec {
+    static void Save(const void* value, nlohmann::json& out, const FieldOptions& options)
+    {
+        const T& typed = *static_cast<const T*>(value);
+        if constexpr (std::is_enum_v<T>) {
+            const auto index = static_cast<std::size_t>(typed);
+            if (index < options.enumNames.size()) {
+                out = options.enumNames[index];
+                return;
+            }
+        }
+        out = typed;
+    }
+
+    static void Load(void* value, const nlohmann::json& in, const FieldOptions& options)
+    {
+        T& typed = *static_cast<T*>(value);
+        if constexpr (std::is_enum_v<T>) {
+            if (in.is_string()) {
+                const auto name = in.get<std::string>();
+                for (std::size_t i = 0; i < options.enumNames.size(); ++i) {
+                    if (name == options.enumNames[i]) {
+                        typed = static_cast<T>(i);
+                        return;
+                    }
+                }
+                throw std::runtime_error("unknown value \"" + name + "\"");
+            }
+        }
+
+        typed = in.get<T>();
+        if constexpr (reflect_detail::Numeric<T>) {
+            if (options.min && typed < static_cast<T>(*options.min)) typed = static_cast<T>(*options.min);
+            if (options.max && typed > static_cast<T>(*options.max)) typed = static_cast<T>(*options.max);
+        } else if constexpr (reflect_detail::FloatVec<T>) {
+            if (options.min) typed = glm::max(typed, T{static_cast<float>(*options.min)});
+            if (options.max) typed = glm::min(typed, T{static_cast<float>(*options.max)});
+        }
+    }
+
+    static bool Draw(const char* label, void* value, const FieldOptions& options, const Scene* scene)
+    {
+        return DrawField(label, *static_cast<T*>(value), options, scene);
+    }
+
+    static void Resolve(void* value, const ObjectRef::ObjectMap& objects, std::vector<ObjectId>& dropped)
+    {
+        if constexpr (HasReferences<T>) {
+            ResolveField(*static_cast<T*>(value), objects, dropped);
+        }
+    }
+
+    static constexpr FieldOps Ops{&Save, &Load, &Draw, HasReferences<T> ? &Resolve : nullptr};
+};
+
+class FieldVisitor {
+public:
+    virtual ~FieldVisitor() = default;
+
+    using Commit = std::function<void(void* value)>;
+
+    template <Reflectable T>
+    void Field(std::string_view key, T& value, const FieldOptions& options = {})
+    {
+        Visit(key, &value, options, FieldCodec<T>::Ops, {});
+    }
+
+    // Loads and edits go through the setter, so it can validate and react
+    template <Reflectable T, std::invocable<const T&> Setter>
+    void Property(std::string_view key, const T& value, Setter&& setter, const FieldOptions& options = {})
+    {
+        T copy = value;
+        Visit(key, &copy, options, FieldCodec<T>::Ops, [&setter](void* changed) {
+            setter(*static_cast<const T*>(changed));
+        });
+    }
+
+protected:
+    virtual void Visit(std::string_view key, void* value, const FieldOptions& options, const FieldOps& ops, const Commit& commit) = 0;
+};
+
+class JsonWriter final : public FieldVisitor {
+public:
+    [[nodiscard]] nlohmann::json& Result() { return m_Result; }
+
+protected:
+    void Visit(std::string_view key, void* value, const FieldOptions& options, const FieldOps& ops, const Commit& commit) override;
+
+private:
+    nlohmann::json m_Result = nlohmann::json::object();
+};
+
+class JsonReader final : public FieldVisitor {
+public:
+    explicit JsonReader(const nlohmann::json& data) : m_Data(data) {}
+
+protected:
+    void Visit(std::string_view key, void* value, const FieldOptions& options, const FieldOps& ops, const Commit& commit) override;
+
+private:
+    const nlohmann::json& m_Data;
+};
+
+class ReferenceResolver final : public FieldVisitor {
+public:
+    ReferenceResolver(const Component& owner, const ObjectRef::ObjectMap& objects) : m_Owner(owner), m_Objects(objects) {}
+
+protected:
+    void Visit(std::string_view key, void* value, const FieldOptions& options, const FieldOps& ops, const Commit& commit) override;
+
+private:
+    const Component& m_Owner;
+    const ObjectRef::ObjectMap& m_Objects;
+};
+
+class InspectorDrawer final : public FieldVisitor {
+public:
+    explicit InspectorDrawer(const Scene* scene) : m_Scene(scene) {}
+
+    [[nodiscard]] bool Changed() const { return m_Changed; }
+
+protected:
+    void Visit(std::string_view key, void* value, const FieldOptions& options, const FieldOps& ops, const Commit& commit) override;
+
+private:
+    const Scene* m_Scene;
+    bool m_Changed{false};
+};
+
+#endif // DESTRUM_REFLECT_H

destrum/include/destrum/Serialization/SceneSerializer.h

@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@
 #include <filesystem>
 #include <functional>
 #include <future>
+#include <optional>
 
 #include <nlohmann/json.hpp>
 
@@ -17,8 +18,11 @@ public:
         nlohmann::json root;
     };
 
+    [[nodiscard]] static std::optional<nlohmann::json> Capture(Scene& scene);
     static bool Save(Scene& scene, const std::filesystem::path& path);
 
+    static bool LoadFromJson(Scene& scene, const nlohmann::json& root);
+
     static bool Load(Scene& scene, const std::filesystem::path& path,
                      std::function<void(float)> progressCallback = nullptr);
 
@@ -27,8 +31,6 @@ public:
     static bool ConstructScene(Scene& scene, LoadResult& result,
                                std::function<void(float)> progressCallback = nullptr);
 
-    // Parse the scene file on a background thread. Call LoadFromJson on the
-    // main thread once the future is ready.
     static std::future<LoadResult> LoadSceneFileAsync(const std::filesystem::path& path);
 };
 

destrum/include/destrum/Threading/JobSystem.h

@@ -0,0 +1,95 @@
+#ifndef DESTRUM_JOBSYSTEM_H
+#define DESTRUM_JOBSYSTEM_H
+
+#include <atomic>
+#include <condition_variable>
+#include <cstdint>
+#include <deque>
+#include <functional>
+#include <future>
+#include <memory>
+#include <mutex>
+#include <thread>
+#include <type_traits>
+#include <vector>
+
+#include <destrum/Singleton.h>
+
+enum class JobPriority {
+    High,
+    Low,
+};
+
+class JobCounter {
+public:
+    JobCounter() = default;
+    JobCounter(const JobCounter&) = delete;
+    JobCounter& operator=(const JobCounter&) = delete;
+
+    [[nodiscard]] bool IsDone() const { return m_Pending.load(std::memory_order_acquire) == 0; }
+
+private:
+    friend class JobSystem;
+    std::atomic<int> m_Pending{0};
+};
+
+struct JobDispatchArgs {
+    std::uint32_t index{0};
+    std::uint32_t groupIndex{0};
+};
+
+class JobSystem final : public Singleton<JobSystem> {
+public:
+    friend class Singleton<JobSystem>;
+    using Job = std::function<void()>;
+
+    ~JobSystem() override;
+
+    // 0 workers picks hardware_concurrency - 1
+    void Init(std::uint32_t workerCount = 0);
+    void Shutdown();
+
+    [[nodiscard]] bool IsRunning() const { return !m_Workers.empty(); }
+    [[nodiscard]] std::uint32_t GetWorkerCount() const { return static_cast<std::uint32_t>(m_Workers.size()); }
+
+    void Execute(JobCounter& counter, Job job, JobPriority priority = JobPriority::High);
+    void Dispatch(JobCounter& counter, std::uint32_t count, std::uint32_t groupSize,
+                  std::function<void(JobDispatchArgs)> job);
+    void Wait(JobCounter& counter);
+
+    template <typename F>
+    auto Async(F&& fn, JobPriority priority = JobPriority::Low) -> std::future<std::invoke_result_t<std::decay_t<F>>>
+    {
+        using Result = std::invoke_result_t<std::decay_t<F>>;
+        auto task = std::make_shared<std::packaged_task<Result()>>(std::forward<F>(fn));
+        auto future = task->get_future();
+        Submit([task] { (*task)(); }, priority);
+        return future;
+    }
+
+    void RunOnMainThread(Job job);
+    void DrainMainThreadQueue();
+
+private:
+    JobSystem() = default;
+
+    void Submit(Job job, JobPriority priority);
+    bool TryPopLocked(Job& job, bool& isLow);
+    [[nodiscard]] bool CanTakeLowLocked() const;
+    bool TryRunHighJob();
+    void WorkerLoop(std::uint32_t index);
+
+    std::vector<std::thread> m_Workers;
+    std::mutex m_Mutex;
+    std::condition_variable m_WorkAvailable;
+    std::deque<Job> m_HighQueue;
+    std::deque<Job> m_LowQueue;
+    std::uint32_t m_ActiveLowJobs{0};
+    std::uint32_t m_MaxActiveLowJobs{1};
+    bool m_Stopping{false};
+
+    std::mutex m_MainThreadMutex;
+    std::vector<Job> m_MainThreadQueue;
+};
+
+#endif // DESTRUM_JOBSYSTEM_H

destrum/include/destrum/Util/ImGuiUtils.h

@@ -24,6 +24,7 @@ namespace ImGuiUtils {
         float speed = 0.1f);
 
     inline constexpr const char* GameObjectPayload = "DESTRUM_GAMEOBJECT";
+    inline constexpr const char* AssetPayload = "DESTRUM_ASSET";
 
     bool InputString(const char* label, std::string& value, ImGuiInputTextFlags flags = 0, const char* hint = nullptr);
     bool InputStringMultiline(const char* label, std::string& value);

destrum/include/destrum/Util/ModelDoc.h

@@ -20,6 +20,7 @@
 //
 // Link against: assimp
 
+#include <assimp/IOSystem.hpp>
 #include <assimp/Importer.hpp>
 #include <assimp/material.h>
 #include <assimp/postprocess.h>
@@ -43,6 +44,7 @@
 #include <filesystem>
 #include <iostream>
 #include <limits>
+#include <memory>
 #include <stdexcept>
 #include <string>
 #include <unordered_map>
@@ -998,8 +1000,12 @@ static void CollectMergedPerNodeMeshes(const aiScene* scene,
 
 // ─── Public API ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
 
-static ModelAsset LoadModel(const std::string& path, const LoadOptions& options = {}) {
+// The importer owns io, without one it reads from disk
+static ModelAsset LoadModel(const std::string& path, const LoadOptions& options = {},
+                            std::unique_ptr<Assimp::IOSystem> io = nullptr) {
     Assimp::Importer importer;
+    if (io)
+        importer.SetIOHandler(io.release());
     const aiScene* scene = LoadScene(importer, path, options);
 
     ModelAsset model{};
@@ -1084,10 +1090,11 @@ static const aiScene* LoadAnimationScene(
     Assimp::Importer& importer,
     const std::string& path
 ) {
-    if (!std::filesystem::exists(path)) {
+    if (!importer.GetIOHandler()->Exists(path.c_str())) {
         throw std::runtime_error("Animation file does not exist: " + path);
     }
 
+    if (importer.IsDefaultIOHandler()) {
         if (!std::filesystem::is_regular_file(path)) {
             throw std::runtime_error("Animation path is not a regular file: " + path);
         }
@@ -1095,6 +1102,7 @@ static const aiScene* LoadAnimationScene(
         if (std::filesystem::file_size(path) == 0) {
             throw std::runtime_error("Animation file is empty: " + path);
         }
+    }
 
     // Important: do not use mesh post-process flags for animation-only files.
     const unsigned int flags = 0;
@@ -1141,9 +1149,12 @@ static const aiScene* LoadAnimationScene(
 
     static std::vector<SkeletalAnimation> LoadAnimationClips(
     const std::string& path,
-    const Skeleton& targetSkeleton
+    const Skeleton& targetSkeleton,
+    std::unique_ptr<Assimp::IOSystem> io = nullptr
 ) {
     Assimp::Importer importer;
+    if (io)
+        importer.SetIOHandler(io.release());
     const aiScene* scene = LoadAnimationScene(importer, path);
 
     auto clips = LoadAnimations(scene, targetSkeleton);

destrum/src/App.cpp

@@ -1,56 +1,67 @@
-#include <algorithm>
-#include <chrono>
-#include <exception>
-#include <thread>
-#include <stdexcept>
 #include <destrum/App.h>
 
-#include <destrum/FS/AssetFS.h>
+#include <algorithm>
-#include <destrum/Graphics/Resources/FontCache.h>
+#include <cmath>
-#include <destrum/Scene/SceneManager.h>
+#include <exception>
-#include <destrum/Util/DeltaTime.h>
+#include <thread>
-
-#include "imgui.h"
-#include "glm/gtx/transform.hpp"
-#include "spdlog/spdlog.h"
 
+#include <imgui.h>
+#include <spdlog/spdlog.h>
 #include <tracy/Tracy.hpp>
 #include <common/TracySystem.hpp>
 
-struct TracyFrameScope
+#include <destrum/Audio/AudioSystem.h>
-{
+#include <destrum/FS/AssetFS.h>
-    ~TracyFrameScope()
+#include <destrum/Graphics/Resources/FontCache.h>
-    {
+#include <destrum/Scene/ResourceCollector.h>
-        FrameMark;
+#include <destrum/Scene/Scene.h>
-    }
+#include <destrum/Scene/SceneManager.h>
-};
+#include <destrum/Threading/JobSystem.h>
+#include <destrum/Util/DeltaTime.h>
 
-App::App()
+namespace {
-{
+    struct TracyFrameScope {
+        ~TracyFrameScope() { FrameMark; }
+    };
+
+    constexpr float MaxFrameDelta = 0.25f;
+    constexpr int MaxFixedSteps = 5;
+
+    [[nodiscard]] bool IsMouseEvent(const SDL_Event& event)
+    {
+        return event.type == SDL_MOUSEBUTTONDOWN || event.type == SDL_MOUSEBUTTONUP ||
+               event.type == SDL_MOUSEMOTION || event.type == SDL_MOUSEWHEEL;
+    }
+
+    [[nodiscard]] bool IsKeyboardEvent(const SDL_Event& event)
+    {
+        return event.type == SDL_KEYDOWN || event.type == SDL_KEYUP || event.type == SDL_TEXTINPUT;
+    }
 }
 
+App::App() = default;
+
 App::~App()
 {
     if (!cleanedUp) {
         try {
             cleanup();
         } catch (...) {
-            // Destructors must not throw. Initialization failures are already
-            // reported by the caller, while cleanup is best effort here.
         }
     }
 }
 
 void App::init(const AppParams& params)
 {
+    ZoneScopedN("App::init");
     cleanedUp = false;
     customInitStarted = false;
     try {
         m_params = params;
-        ZoneScopedN("App::init");
         tracy::SetThreadName("Main Thread");
         TracySetProgramName(params.appName.c_str());
         AssetFS::GetInstance().Init(params.exeDir);
+        JobSystem::GetInstance().Init();
 
         window.Create({
             .title = params.windowTitle,
@@ -59,15 +70,15 @@ void App::init(const AppParams& params)
             .maximized = params.startMaximized,
         });
 
-        gfxDevice.init(window.GetHandle(), params.appName, false);
+        initDevices();
         imguiPass.init(window.GetHandle(), gfxDevice);
+        resources.init(gfxDevice);
+        renderer.init(gfxDevice, resources, params.renderSize);
 
-        InputManager::GetInstance().Init();
         Time::GetInstance().Update();
 
         customInitStarted = true;
         customInit();
-        cleanedUp = false;
     } catch (...) {
         try {
             cleanup();
@@ -77,262 +88,306 @@ void App::init(const AppParams& params)
     }
 }
 
+void App::initDevices()
+{
+    ZoneScopedN("App::initDevices");
+    auto& jobs = JobSystem::GetInstance();
+    auto gfxInit = jobs.Async([this] { gfxDevice.init(window.GetHandle(), m_params.appName, false); });
+    auto audioInit = jobs.Async([] { AudioSystem::GetInstance().Init(); });
+
+    // SDL wants its subsystems initialised on the main thread
+    std::exception_ptr inputError;
+    try {
+        InputManager::GetInstance().Init();
+    } catch (...) {
+        inputError = std::current_exception();
+    }
+
+    // Wait for both before rethrowing anything, cleanup must not race a running init
+    gfxInit.wait();
+    audioInit.wait();
+    if (inputError) {
+        std::rethrow_exception(inputError);
+    }
+    gfxInit.get();
+    audioInit.get();
+}
+
+void App::attachLayer(std::unique_ptr<AppLayer> newLayer)
+{
+    if (layer) {
+        layer->onDetach();
+    }
+    layer = std::move(newLayer);
+    if (layer) {
+        layer->onAttach();
+    }
+}
+
+bool App::isPlaying() const
+{
+    return SceneManager::GetInstance().IsPlaying();
+}
+
+bool App::isPaused() const
+{
+    return SceneManager::GetInstance().IsPaused();
+}
+
+float App::getRenderAspectRatio() const
+{
+    const VkExtent3D extent = renderer.getDrawImage().extent;
+    return extent.height > 0 ? static_cast<float>(extent.width) / static_cast<float>(extent.height) : 1.0f;
+}
+
+Camera& App::getViewCamera()
+{
+    if (layer) {
+        if (Camera* camera = layer->viewCamera()) {
+            return *camera;
+        }
+    }
+    if (Camera* camera = gameCamera()) {
+        return *camera;
+    }
+    return fallbackCamera;
+}
+
+void App::resizeRenderTarget(const glm::ivec2& size)
+{
+    renderer.resize(gfxDevice, size);
+}
+
+void App::collectUnusedResources()
+{
+    CollectUnusedResources(SceneManager::GetInstance(), resources, gfxDevice);
+    AudioSystem::GetInstance().ReleaseUnusedClips();
+}
+
 void App::run()
 {
     ZoneScopedN("App::run");
 
     Time::GetInstance().Update();
-
+    simulation.fixedDeltaTime = static_cast<float>(Time::GetInstance().FixedDeltaTime());
-    const float fixedDt = static_cast<float>(Time::GetInstance().FixedDeltaTime());
-    const int maxSteps = 5;
-    float accumulator = 0.0f;
-
     isRunning = true;
 
-    while (isRunning)
+    while (isRunning) {
-    {
         TracyFrameScope tracyFrame;
         ZoneScopedN("App::Frame");
 
         Time::GetInstance().Update();
-        float dt = static_cast<float>(Time::GetInstance().DeltaTime());
+        const float dt = std::min(static_cast<float>(Time::GetInstance().DeltaTime()), MaxFrameDelta);
-
+        if (dt > 0.0f) {
-        if (dt > 0.25f) dt = 0.25f;
+            avgFPS = std::lerp(avgFPS, 1.0f / dt, 0.1f);
-
-        if (dt > 0.0f)
-        {
-            float newFPS = 1.0f / dt;
-            avgFPS = std::lerp(avgFPS, newFPS, 0.1f);
             TracyPlot("FPS", avgFPS);
-            TracyPlot("Delta Time ms", dt * 1000.0f);
         }
+        simulation.accumulator += dt;
 
-        accumulator += dt;
+        processEvents();
-
+        if (!isRunning) {
-        {
-            ZoneScopedN("Input BeginFrame");
-            InputManager::GetInstance().BeginFrame();
-        }
-
-        {
-            ZoneScopedN("SDL Events");
-
-            SDL_Event event;
-            while (SDL_PollEvent(&event))
-            {
-                ZoneScopedN("SDL Event");
-
-                imguiPass.handleEvent(event);
-
-                const bool mouseEvent =
-                    event.type == SDL_MOUSEBUTTONDOWN ||
-                    event.type == SDL_MOUSEBUTTONUP ||
-                    event.type == SDL_MOUSEMOTION ||
-                    event.type == SDL_MOUSEWHEEL;
-
-                if (event.type == SDL_QUIT)
-                {
-                    isRunning = false;
             break;
         }
 
-                window.ProcessEvent(event);
+        if (window.IsMinimized()) {
-                if (window.ConsumeResized())
-                {
-                    resizePending = true;
-                    lastResizeTime = std::chrono::steady_clock::now();
-                }
-                if (window.ConsumeCloseRequested())
-                {
-                    isRunning = false;
-                    break;
-                }
-
-                const bool keyboardEvent =
-                    event.type == SDL_KEYDOWN ||
-                    event.type == SDL_KEYUP ||
-                    event.type == SDL_TEXTINPUT;
-
-                const bool capturedByImgui =
-                    (mouseEvent && !InputManager::GetInstance().IsMouseCaptured() && imguiPass.wantsMouse()) ||
-                    (keyboardEvent && imguiPass.wantsKeyboard());
-
-                if (!capturedByImgui)
-                {
-                    ZoneScopedN("Input ProcessEvent");
-
-                    if (InputManager::GetInstance().ProcessEvent(event))
-                    {
-                        isRunning = false;
-                    }
-                }
-            }
-        }
-
-if (!isRunning) break;
-
-        if (window.IsMinimized())
-        {
             // The surface is 0x0 while minimized, there is nothing to render or present to
-            accumulator = 0.0f;
+            simulation.accumulator = 0.0f;
             std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::milliseconds(16));
             continue;
         }
 
-        // Consume SDL events before updating the base camera so held and
+        JobSystem::GetInstance().DrainMainThreadQueue();
-        // newly pressed inputs are applied in the same frame.
+        if (layer) {
-        camera.Update(dt);
+            layer->onBeginFrame();
+        }
 
-        {
-            ZoneScopedN("ImGui BeginFrame");
         imguiPass.beginFrame();
+        if (layer) {
+            layer->onImGuiBegin(dt);
         }
 
         {
-            ZoneScopedN("customUpdate");
+            ZoneScopedN("Update");
             customUpdate(dt);
+            SceneManager::GetInstance().Update(dt);
+            SceneManager::GetInstance().LateUpdate(dt);
         }
 
-        if (m_params.showDebugUi)
+        if (layer) {
-        {
+            ZoneScopedN("Layer ImGui");
-            ZoneScopedN("Debug ImGui");
+            layer->onImGui(dt);
-            drawWindowsMenu();
-
-            if (m_DebugWindows.inspector)
-            {
-                SceneManager::GetInstance().RenderImgui(&m_DebugWindows.inspector);
         }
-
-            if (m_DebugWindows.stats)
-            {
-                if (ImGui::Begin("Debug", &m_DebugWindows.stats))
-                {
-                    ImGui::Text("FPS: %.2f", avgFPS);
-                }
-                ImGui::End();
-            }
-
-            if (m_DebugWindows.physics)
-            {
-                drawPhysicsPanel(dt, fixedDt, accumulator);
-            }
-
-            if (m_DebugWindows.imageCache)
-            {
-                m_ResourcesInspector.drawImageCacheWindow(&m_DebugWindows.imageCache, resources, imguiPass);
-            }
-
-            TracyPlot("FPS", avgFPS);
-            TracyPlot("Frame Time ms", dt * 1000.0f);
-            TracyPlot("Accumulator ms", accumulator * 1000.0f);
-        }
-
-        {
-            ZoneScopedN("ImGui EndFrame");
         imguiPass.endFrame();
+
+        if (layer) {
+            layer->onEndFrame();
         }
 
-        {
+        runFixedSteps();
-            ZoneScopedN("FixedUpdate");
 
-            int steps = 0;
+        AudioSystem::GetInstance().Update(dt, isPlaying() && (isPaused() || simulation.paused), &getViewCamera());
 
-            if (m_PhysicsPaused)
+        bool skipFrame = false;
-            {
+        handleSwapchainResize(skipFrame);
-                // Important: prevent physics from building up a huge backlog while paused.
+        if (skipFrame) {
-                accumulator = 0.0f;
-
-                if (m_PhysicsStepOnce)
-                {
-                    ZoneScopedN("Single Physics Step");
-
-                    customFixedUpdate(fixedDt * m_PhysicsTimeScale);
-
-                    steps = 1;
-                    m_PhysicsStepOnce = false;
-                }
-            }
-            else
-            {
-                while (accumulator >= fixedDt && steps < maxSteps)
-                {
-                    ZoneScopedN("Fixed Step");
-
-                    customFixedUpdate(fixedDt * m_PhysicsTimeScale);
-
-                    accumulator -= fixedDt;
-                    steps++;
-                }
-
-                if (steps == maxSteps)
-                {
-                    accumulator = 0.0f;
-                }
-            }
-
-            m_PhysicsStepsLastFrame = steps;
-
-            TracyPlot("Fixed Steps", static_cast<int64_t>(steps));
-        }
-
-        Time::GetInstance().SetFixedAlpha(std::clamp(accumulator / fixedDt, 0.0f, 1.0f));
-
-        {
-            ZoneScopedN("Swapchain Resize Check");
-
-            if (gfxDevice.needsSwapchainRecreate() || resizePending)
-            {
-                auto now = std::chrono::steady_clock::now();
-
-                if (resizePending &&
-                    now - lastResizeTime < std::chrono::milliseconds(100))
-                {
             continue;
         }
 
-                const glm::ivec2 drawableSize = window.GetDrawableSize();
+        renderFrame();
-                const int w = drawableSize.x;
-                const int h = drawableSize.y;
 
-                if (w == 0 || h == 0)
+        if (frameLimit) {
-                {
+            if (const auto sleepTime = Time::GetInstance().SleepDuration(); sleepTime.count() > 0) {
-                    continue;
-                }
-
-                {
-                    ZoneScopedN("Recreate Swapchain");
-                    if (!gfxDevice.recreateSwapchain(w, h))
-                    {
-                        continue;
-                    }
-                    spdlog::info("Recreated swapchain at {}x{}", w, h);
-                    imguiPass.onSwapchainRecreated();
-                    onWindowResize(w, h);
-                }
-
-                resizePending = false;
-                continue;
-            }
-        }
-
-        {
-            ZoneScopedN("customDraw");
-            customDraw();
-        }
-
-        if (frameLimit)
-        {
-            ZoneScopedN("Frame Limit Sleep");
-
-            auto sleepTime = Time::GetInstance().SleepDuration();
-            if (sleepTime.count() > 0)
-            {
                 std::this_thread::sleep_for(sleepTime);
             }
         }
     }
+}
 
-    gfxDevice.waitIdle();
+void App::processEvents()
+{
+    ZoneScopedN("SDL Events");
+    auto& input = InputManager::GetInstance();
+    input.BeginFrame();
+
+    SDL_Event event;
+    while (SDL_PollEvent(&event)) {
+        imguiPass.handleEvent(event);
+
+        if (event.type == SDL_QUIT) {
+            isRunning = false;
+            return;
+        }
+
+        window.ProcessEvent(event);
+        if (window.ConsumeResized()) {
+            resizePending = true;
+            lastResizeTime = std::chrono::steady_clock::now();
+        }
+        if (window.ConsumeCloseRequested()) {
+            isRunning = false;
+            return;
+        }
+
+        // ImGui wants every event while one of its windows is hovered or focused, a layer can claim
+        // them back for the game (the editor viewport is an ImGui window)
+        const AppLayer::InputFocus focus = layer ? layer->gameInputFocus() : AppLayer::InputFocus{};
+        const bool mouseCaptured = input.IsMouseCaptured();
+        const bool capturedByImgui =
+            (IsMouseEvent(event) && !mouseCaptured && !focus.mouse && imguiPass.wantsMouse()) ||
+            (IsKeyboardEvent(event) && !focus.keyboard && imguiPass.wantsKeyboard());
+
+        if (!capturedByImgui && input.ProcessEvent(event)) {
+            isRunning = false;
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+void App::runFixedSteps()
+{
+    ZoneScopedN("FixedUpdate");
+    const float step = simulation.fixedDeltaTime * simulation.timeScale;
+    int steps = 0;
+
+    const auto fixedUpdate = [&] {
+        customFixedUpdate(step);
+        SceneManager::GetInstance().FixedUpdate(step);
+    };
+
+    if (simulation.paused) {
+        simulation.accumulator = 0.0f;
+        if (simulation.stepOnce) {
+            fixedUpdate();
+            steps = 1;
+            simulation.stepOnce = false;
+        }
+    } else {
+        while (simulation.accumulator >= simulation.fixedDeltaTime && steps < MaxFixedSteps) {
+            fixedUpdate();
+            simulation.accumulator -= simulation.fixedDeltaTime;
+            ++steps;
+        }
+        if (steps == MaxFixedSteps) {
+            simulation.accumulator = 0.0f;
+        }
+    }
+
+    simulation.stepsLastFrame = steps;
+    Time::GetInstance().SetFixedAlpha(std::clamp(simulation.accumulator / simulation.fixedDeltaTime, 0.0f, 1.0f));
+}
+
+void App::handleSwapchainResize(bool& skipFrame)
+{
+    if (!gfxDevice.needsSwapchainRecreate() && !resizePending) {
+        return;
+    }
+
+    skipFrame = true;
+    if (resizePending && std::chrono::steady_clock::now() - lastResizeTime < std::chrono::milliseconds(100)) {
+        return;
+    }
+
+    const glm::ivec2 size = window.GetDrawableSize();
+    if (size.x == 0 || size.y == 0 || !gfxDevice.recreateSwapchain(size.x, size.y)) {
+        return;
+    }
+
+    spdlog::info("Recreated swapchain at {}x{}", size.x, size.y);
+    imguiPass.onSwapchainRecreated();
+    if (!layer || !layer->hostsViewport()) {
+        resizeRenderTarget(size);
+    }
+    onWindowResize(size.x, size.y);
+    resizePending = false;
+}
+
+void App::renderFrame()
+{
+    ZoneScopedN("Render");
+    const VkCommandBuffer cmd = gfxDevice.beginFrame();
+    if (cmd == VK_NULL_HANDLE) {
+        return;
+    }
+
+    renderer.beginDrawing(gfxDevice);
+    customRender(renderer);
+    if (layer) {
+        layer->onRender(renderer);
+    }
+
+    Camera& camera = getViewCamera();
+    if (const float aspectRatio = getRenderAspectRatio(); camera.GetAspectRatio() != aspectRatio) {
+        camera.setAspectRatio(aspectRatio);
+    }
+
+    auto& sceneManager = SceneManager::GetInstance();
+    const SceneEnvironment environment = sceneManager.GetActiveScenes().empty()
+        ? SceneEnvironment{}
+        : sceneManager.GetCurrentScene().GetEnvironment();
+    const GameRenderer::SceneData sceneData{
+        .camera = camera,
+        .ambientColor = environment.ambientColor,
+        .ambientIntensity = environment.ambientIntensity,
+        .fogColor = environment.fogColor,
+        .fogDensity = environment.fogDensity,
+        .skyboxRotation = environment.skyboxRotation,
+        .exposure = environment.exposure,
+        .tonemapper = environment.tonemapper,
+    };
+
+    sceneManager.Render(RenderContext{
+        .renderer = renderer,
+        .camera = camera,
+        .sceneData = sceneData,
+        .canvasFrame = layer ? layer->canvasFrame() : std::nullopt,
+    });
+    renderer.endDrawing();
+    renderer.draw(cmd, gfxDevice, camera, sceneData);
+
+    gfxDevice.endFrame(cmd, renderer.getDrawImage(), {
+        .clearColor = {{0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f}},
+        .imguiPass = &imguiPass,
+        .copyDrawImageToSwapchain = !layer || !layer->hostsViewport(),
+    });
 }
 
 void App::cleanup()
@@ -355,10 +410,22 @@ void App::cleanup()
         }
     };
 
+    // The one place we wait for the GPU on shutdown: the cleanup calls below destroy
+    // pipelines and other objects directly, which is only valid once nothing is in flight.
+    attempt([this] { gfxDevice.waitIdle(); });
+    attempt([] { JobSystem::GetInstance().Shutdown(); });
+
+    attempt([this] {
+        if (layer) {
+            layer->onDetach();
+            layer.reset();
+        }
+    });
     if (customInitStarted) {
         attempt([this] { customCleanup(); });
     }
     attempt([] { SceneManager::GetInstance().Destroy(); });
+    attempt([] { AudioSystem::GetInstance().Shutdown(); });
     attempt([] { FontCache::GetInstance().Clear(); });
     attempt([this] { renderer.cleanup(gfxDevice); });
     attempt([this] { imguiPass.cleanup(); });
@@ -376,76 +443,3 @@ void App::cleanup()
         std::rethrow_exception(firstException);
     }
 }
-
-void App::drawWindowsMenu()
-{
-    // ImGui appends to the main menu bar, so this ends up next to whatever menus the game added
-    if (!ImGui::BeginMainMenuBar())
-    {
-        return;
-    }
-
-    if (ImGui::BeginMenu("Windows"))
-    {
-        ImGui::MenuItem("Debug", nullptr, &m_DebugWindows.stats);
-        ImGui::MenuItem("Physics", nullptr, &m_DebugWindows.physics);
-        ImGui::MenuItem("Inspector", nullptr, &m_DebugWindows.inspector);
-        ImGui::MenuItem("Image Cache", nullptr, &m_DebugWindows.imageCache);
-
-        customWindowsMenu();
-
-        ImGui::EndMenu();
-    }
-
-    ImGui::EndMainMenuBar();
-}
-
-void App::drawPhysicsPanel(float dt, float fixedDt, float accumulator)
-{
-    if (!ImGui::Begin("Physics", &m_DebugWindows.physics))
-    {
-        ImGui::End();
-        return;
-    }
-
-    ImGui::Text("Frame dt: %.3f ms", dt * 1000.0f);
-    ImGui::Text("Fixed dt: %.3f ms", fixedDt * 1000.0f);
-    ImGui::Text("Accumulator: %.3f ms", accumulator * 1000.0f);
-    ImGui::Text("Steps last frame: %d", m_PhysicsStepsLastFrame);
-
-    ImGui::Separator();
-
-    if (ImGui::Button(m_PhysicsPaused ? "Resume Physics" : "Pause Physics"))
-    {
-        m_PhysicsPaused = !m_PhysicsPaused;
-    }
-
-    ImGui::SameLine();
-
-    if (!m_PhysicsPaused)
-    {
-        ImGui::BeginDisabled();
-        ImGui::Button("Step Physics");
-        ImGui::EndDisabled();
-    }
-    else
-    {
-        if (ImGui::Button("Step Physics"))
-        {
-            m_PhysicsStepOnce = true;
-        }
-    }
-
-    ImGui::Checkbox("Paused", &m_PhysicsPaused);
-
-    ImGui::Separator();
-
-    ImGui::SliderFloat("Physics Time Scale", &m_PhysicsTimeScale, 0.0f, 2.0f, "%.2fx");
-
-    if (ImGui::Button("Reset Time Scale"))
-    {
-        m_PhysicsTimeScale = 1.0f;
-    }
-
-    ImGui::End();
-}

destrum/src/Assets/AssetDatabase.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,172 @@
+#include <destrum/Assets/AssetDatabase.h>
+
+#include <charconv>
+#include <filesystem>
+#include <format>
+#include <random>
+
+#include <spdlog/spdlog.h>
+
+#include <destrum/Assets/AssetTypes.h>
+#include <destrum/FS/AssetFS.h>
+
+namespace {
+    [[nodiscard]] bool IsVirtualPath(std::string_view path)
+    {
+        return path.find("://") != std::string_view::npos;
+    }
+
+    [[nodiscard]] std::optional<AssetGuid> ReadMetaFile(const std::filesystem::path& path)
+    {
+        try {
+            const std::vector<std::uint8_t> bytes = AssetFS::GetInstance().ReadFile(path);
+            const auto meta = nlohmann::json::parse(bytes.begin(), bytes.end());
+            return AssetGuid::Parse(meta.at("guid").get<std::string>());
+        } catch (const std::exception& exception) {
+            spdlog::warn("Ignoring broken asset meta file {}: {}", path.string(), exception.what());
+            return std::nullopt;
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+AssetGuid AssetGuid::Generate()
+{
+    static std::mt19937_64 random{std::random_device{}() ^ (static_cast<std::uint64_t>(std::random_device{}()) << 32)};
+    AssetGuid guid;
+    while (!guid.IsValid()) {
+        guid = {random(), random()};
+    }
+    return guid;
+}
+
+std::optional<AssetGuid> AssetGuid::Parse(std::string_view text)
+{
+    if (text.size() != 32) {
+        return std::nullopt;
+    }
+    AssetGuid guid;
+    const auto parseHalf = [](std::string_view half, std::uint64_t& out) {
+        const auto [end, error] = std::from_chars(half.data(), half.data() + half.size(), out, 16);
+        return error == std::errc{} && end == half.data() + half.size();
+    };
+    if (!parseHalf(text.substr(0, 16), guid.high) || !parseHalf(text.substr(16), guid.low) || !guid.IsValid()) {
+        return std::nullopt;
+    }
+    return guid;
+}
+
+std::string AssetGuid::ToString() const
+{
+    return std::format("{:016x}{:016x}", high, low);
+}
+
+AssetDatabase::MetaFileScope::MetaFileScope()
+{
+    ++AssetDatabase::GetInstance().m_MetaFileScopes;
+}
+
+AssetDatabase::MetaFileScope::~MetaFileScope()
+{
+    --AssetDatabase::GetInstance().m_MetaFileScopes;
+}
+
+void AssetDatabase::Clear()
+{
+    m_Guids.clear();
+    m_Paths.clear();
+}
+
+void AssetDatabase::Refresh()
+{
+    Clear();
+    const auto& assetFs = AssetFS::GetInstance();
+    for (const FSMount& mount : assetFs.GetMounts()) {
+        for (const std::filesystem::path& file : assetFs.ListFiles(mount)) {
+            if (!AssetTypes::IsMeta(file.string())) {
+                continue;
+            }
+            if (const auto guid = ReadMetaFile(file)) {
+                std::filesystem::path asset = file;
+                asset.replace_extension();
+                Register(mount.scheme + "://" + asset.lexically_relative(mount.root).generic_string(), *guid);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+void AssetDatabase::Register(std::string_view path, const AssetGuid& guid)
+{
+    if (const auto existing = m_Paths.find(guid); existing != m_Paths.end() && existing->second != path) {
+        spdlog::warn("Assets {} and {} share the id {}, copy assets without their .meta file",
+                     existing->second, path, guid.ToString());
+        return;
+    }
+    m_Guids.insert_or_assign(std::string{path}, guid);
+    m_Paths.insert_or_assign(guid, std::string{path});
+}
+
+std::optional<AssetGuid> AssetDatabase::FindGuid(std::string_view path) const
+{
+    const auto it = m_Guids.find(std::string{path});
+    return it != m_Guids.end() ? std::optional{it->second} : std::nullopt;
+}
+
+std::optional<std::string> AssetDatabase::FindPath(const AssetGuid& guid) const
+{
+    const auto it = m_Paths.find(guid);
+    return it != m_Paths.end() ? std::optional{it->second} : std::nullopt;
+}
+
+std::optional<AssetGuid> AssetDatabase::GuidForSave(std::string_view path)
+{
+    if (auto guid = FindGuid(path)) {
+        return guid;
+    }
+    if (m_MetaFileScopes == 0 || !IsVirtualPath(path)) {
+        return std::nullopt;
+    }
+
+    auto& assetFs = AssetFS::GetInstance();
+    if (!assetFs.Exists(assetFs.GetFullPath(path))) {
+        return std::nullopt;
+    }
+
+    const AssetGuid guid = AssetGuid::Generate();
+    const nlohmann::json meta{{"guid", guid.ToString()}};
+    if (!assetFs.WriteFile(std::string{path} + std::string{AssetTypes::MetaExtension}, meta.dump(4))) {
+        return std::nullopt;
+    }
+    Register(path, guid);
+    return guid;
+}
+
+nlohmann::json AssetDatabase::WriteReference(std::string_view path, std::string_view subresource)
+{
+    nlohmann::json reference{{"path", path}};
+    if (!subresource.empty()) {
+        reference["sub"] = subresource;
+    }
+    if (const auto guid = GuidForSave(path)) {
+        reference["guid"] = guid->ToString();
+    }
+    return reference;
+}
+
+std::optional<AssetReference> AssetDatabase::ReadReference(const nlohmann::json& reference) const
+{
+    if (!reference.is_object() || !reference.contains("path") || !reference.at("path").is_string()) {
+        return std::nullopt;
+    }
+
+    AssetReference result{
+        .path = reference.at("path").get<std::string>(),
+        .subresource = reference.value("sub", std::string{}),
+    };
+    if (const auto guid = AssetGuid::Parse(reference.value("guid", std::string{}))) {
+        if (auto current = FindPath(*guid); current && *current != result.path) {
+            spdlog::info("{} moved to {}, following its id", result.path, *current);
+            result.path = std::move(*current);
+        }
+    }
+    return result;
+}

destrum/src/Assets/AssetFSIOSystem.h

@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+#ifndef DESTRUM_ASSETFSIOSYSTEM_H
+#define DESTRUM_ASSETFSIOSYSTEM_H
+
+#include <cstdint>
+#include <cstring>
+#include <string_view>
+#include <vector>
+
+#include <assimp/IOSystem.hpp>
+#include <assimp/MemoryIOWrapper.h>
+
+#include <destrum/FS/AssetFS.h>
+
+class AssetFSIOSystem final : public Assimp::IOSystem {
+public:
+    bool Exists(const char* file) const override {
+        return AssetFS::GetInstance().Exists(file);
+    }
+
+    char getOsSeparator() const override {
+        return '/';
+    }
+
+    Assimp::IOStream* Open(const char* file, const char* mode) override {
+        if (std::string_view{mode}.find_first_of("wa+") != std::string_view::npos) {
+            return nullptr;
+        }
+
+        std::vector<std::uint8_t> bytes;
+        try {
+            bytes = AssetFS::GetInstance().ReadFile(file);
+        } catch (const std::exception&) {
+            return nullptr;
+        }
+        auto* buffer = new std::uint8_t[bytes.size()];
+        std::memcpy(buffer, bytes.data(), bytes.size());
+        return new Assimp::MemoryIOStream(buffer, bytes.size(), true);
+    }
+
+    void Close(Assimp::IOStream* stream) override {
+        delete stream;
+    }
+};
+
+#endif // DESTRUM_ASSETFSIOSYSTEM_H

destrum/src/Assets/AssetManager.cpp

@@ -1,11 +1,14 @@
 #include <destrum/Assets/AssetManager.h>
 
+#include <memory>
 #include <optional>
 #include <stdexcept>
 
 #include <destrum/Assets/ModelFile.h>
 #include <destrum/FS/AssetFS.h>
 
+#include "AssetFSIOSystem.h"
+
 namespace {
     std::string ToReference(std::string_view reference) {
         if (reference.empty()) {
@@ -30,6 +33,14 @@ namespace {
         return std::nullopt;
     }
 
+    // Assimp opens files itself, so with packed assets it has to go through AssetFS
+    std::unique_ptr<Assimp::IOSystem> MakeIOSystem() {
+        if (!AssetFS::GetInstance().IsPacked()) {
+            return nullptr;
+        }
+        return std::make_unique<AssetFSIOSystem>();
+    }
+
     // Cooked texture paths are relative to the model file, imported ones are absolute
     void ResolveTexturePaths(ModelDoc::ModelAsset& model, const std::filesystem::path& modelDir) {
         for (ModelDoc::MaterialInfo& material : model.materials) {
@@ -95,7 +106,7 @@ ModelDoc::ModelAsset AssetManager::LoadCookedOrImport(
     const ModelDoc::LoadOptions& options) const
 {
     if (const auto cookedPath = FindCookedModel(reference)) {
-        ModelDoc::ModelAsset model = ModelFile::ReadFromFile(*cookedPath);
+        ModelDoc::ModelAsset model = ModelFile::Read(AssetFS::GetInstance().ReadFile(*cookedPath));
         if (ModelFile::SupportsLoadOptions(model, options)) {
             ModelFile::ApplyLoadOptions(model, options);
             ResolveTexturePaths(model, cookedPath->parent_path());
@@ -105,7 +116,7 @@ ModelDoc::ModelAsset AssetManager::LoadCookedOrImport(
         spdlog::debug("Importing {}, its cooked model doesn't match the requested load options", reference);
     }
 
-    return ModelDoc::LoadModel(Resolve(reference).generic_string(), options);
+    return ModelDoc::LoadModel(Resolve(reference).generic_string(), options, MakeIOSystem());
 }
 
 std::vector<SkeletalAnimation> AssetManager::LoadAnimationClips(
@@ -115,7 +126,8 @@ std::vector<SkeletalAnimation> AssetManager::LoadAnimationClips(
     const std::string sourceReference = ToReference(reference);
     auto clips = ModelDoc::LoadAnimationClips(
         Resolve(sourceReference).generic_string(),
-        targetSkeleton);
+        targetSkeleton,
+        MakeIOSystem());
     for (std::size_t index = 0; index < clips.size(); ++index) {
         auto& clip = clips[index];
         clip.assetReference.path = sourceReference;

destrum/src/Assets/PackFile.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,126 @@
+#include <destrum/Assets/PackFile.h>
+
+#include <set>
+
+#include "BinaryStream.h"
+
+namespace {
+    using AssetBinary::BinaryReader;
+    using AssetBinary::BinaryWriter;
+
+    constexpr AssetBinary::Magic Magic{'D', 'P', 'A', 'K'};
+    constexpr std::string_view Kind = "pack";
+    constexpr std::size_t HeaderSize = sizeof(AssetBinary::Magic) + sizeof(std::uint32_t) + sizeof(std::uint64_t);
+}
+
+void PackFile::Write(const std::vector<Source>& files, const std::filesystem::path& path) {
+    std::ofstream out(path, std::ios::binary | std::ios::trunc);
+    if (!out) {
+        throw std::runtime_error("Failed to open file for writing: " + path.string());
+    }
+
+    BinaryWriter header;
+    header.WriteHeader(Magic, Version);
+    header.Write(std::uint64_t{0});
+    const std::vector<std::uint8_t> headerBytes = header.TakeBytes();
+    out.write(reinterpret_cast<const char*>(headerBytes.data()), static_cast<std::streamsize>(headerBytes.size()));
+
+    std::set<std::string> seen;
+    BinaryWriter index;
+    index.WriteCount(files.size());
+    for (const Source& file : files) {
+        if (!seen.insert(file.path).second) {
+            throw std::runtime_error("Pack has two files at " + file.path);
+        }
+
+        std::ifstream in(file.file, std::ios::binary);
+        if (!in) {
+            throw std::runtime_error("Failed to open file: " + file.file.string());
+        }
+        const auto offset = static_cast<std::uint64_t>(out.tellp());
+        // Inserting an empty stream buffer sets failbit
+        if (std::filesystem::file_size(file.file) > 0) {
+            out << in.rdbuf();
+        }
+        const auto size = static_cast<std::uint64_t>(out.tellp()) - offset;
+
+        index.WriteString(file.path);
+        index.Write(offset);
+        index.Write(size);
+    }
+
+    const auto indexOffset = static_cast<std::uint64_t>(out.tellp());
+    const std::vector<std::uint8_t> indexBytes = index.TakeBytes();
+    out.write(reinterpret_cast<const char*>(indexBytes.data()), static_cast<std::streamsize>(indexBytes.size()));
+    out.seekp(static_cast<std::streamoff>(HeaderSize - sizeof(std::uint64_t)));
+    out.write(reinterpret_cast<const char*>(&indexOffset), sizeof(indexOffset));
+    if (!out) {
+        throw std::runtime_error("Failed to write file: " + path.string());
+    }
+}
+
+PackFile::Reader::Reader(std::filesystem::path path)
+    : m_Path(std::move(path)) {
+    std::ifstream file(m_Path, std::ios::binary | std::ios::ate);
+    if (!file) {
+        throw std::runtime_error("Failed to open file: " + m_Path.string());
+    }
+    const auto fileSize = static_cast<std::uint64_t>(file.tellg());
+
+    std::array<std::uint8_t, HeaderSize> headerBytes{};
+    file.seekg(0);
+    file.read(reinterpret_cast<char*>(headerBytes.data()), static_cast<std::streamsize>(headerBytes.size()));
+    if (!file) {
+        throw std::runtime_error("Not a " + std::string{Kind} + " file: " + m_Path.string());
+    }
+    BinaryReader header{headerBytes};
+    header.ReadHeader(Magic, Version, Kind);
+    const auto indexOffset = header.Read<std::uint64_t>();
+    if (indexOffset < HeaderSize || indexOffset > fileSize) {
+        throw std::runtime_error("Pack file is corrupt: index is out of range");
+    }
+
+    std::vector<std::uint8_t> indexBytes(static_cast<std::size_t>(fileSize - indexOffset));
+    file.seekg(static_cast<std::streamoff>(indexOffset));
+    file.read(reinterpret_cast<char*>(indexBytes.data()), static_cast<std::streamsize>(indexBytes.size()));
+    if (!file) {
+        throw std::runtime_error("Failed to read file: " + m_Path.string());
+    }
+
+    BinaryReader index{indexBytes};
+    m_Entries.resize(index.ReadCount(3 * sizeof(std::uint64_t)));
+    for (std::size_t i = 0; i < m_Entries.size(); ++i) {
+        Entry& entry = m_Entries[i];
+        entry.path = index.ReadString();
+        entry.offset = index.Read<std::uint64_t>();
+        entry.size = index.Read<std::uint64_t>();
+        if (entry.offset < HeaderSize || entry.offset > indexOffset || entry.size > indexOffset - entry.offset) {
+            throw std::runtime_error("Pack file is corrupt: " + entry.path + " is out of range");
+        }
+        if (!m_ByPath.emplace(entry.path, i).second) {
+            throw std::runtime_error("Pack file is corrupt: " + entry.path + " is listed twice");
+        }
+    }
+    index.ExpectEnd(Kind);
+}
+
+const PackFile::Entry* PackFile::Reader::Find(std::string_view path) const {
+    const auto it = m_ByPath.find(std::string{path});
+    return it != m_ByPath.end() ? &m_Entries[it->second] : nullptr;
+}
+
+// Opens its own stream so loads on worker threads don't share a file position
+std::vector<std::uint8_t> PackFile::Reader::Read(const Entry& entry) const {
+    std::ifstream file(m_Path, std::ios::binary);
+    if (!file) {
+        throw std::runtime_error("Failed to open file: " + m_Path.string());
+    }
+
+    std::vector<std::uint8_t> bytes(static_cast<std::size_t>(entry.size));
+    file.seekg(static_cast<std::streamoff>(entry.offset));
+    file.read(reinterpret_cast<char*>(bytes.data()), static_cast<std::streamsize>(bytes.size()));
+    if (!file) {
+        throw std::runtime_error("Failed to read " + entry.path + " from " + m_Path.string());
+    }
+    return bytes;
+}

destrum/src/Assets/TextureFile.cpp

@@ -21,6 +21,8 @@ std::size_t TextureFile::BytesPerPixel(PixelFormat format) {
     switch (format) {
     case PixelFormat::RGBA16Float:
         return 4 * sizeof(std::uint16_t);
+    case PixelFormat::RGBA8:
+        return 4;
     }
     throw std::runtime_error("Unknown cooked texture pixel format");
 }
@@ -46,6 +48,19 @@ TextureFile::Texture TextureFile::FromRGBA32Float(std::uint32_t width, std::uint
     return texture;
 }
 
+TextureFile::Texture TextureFile::FromRGBA8(std::uint32_t width, std::uint32_t height, std::span<const std::uint8_t> rgba) {
+    if (rgba.size() != std::size_t{width} * height * 4) {
+        throw std::invalid_argument("RGBA pixel data doesn't match the texture size");
+    }
+
+    return Texture{
+        .width = width,
+        .height = height,
+        .format = PixelFormat::RGBA8,
+        .pixels = {rgba.begin(), rgba.end()},
+    };
+}
+
 std::vector<std::uint8_t> TextureFile::Write(const Texture& texture) {
     if (texture.pixels.size() != ExpectedByteSize(texture)) {
         throw std::invalid_argument("Texture pixel data doesn't match its size and format");

destrum/src/Audio/AudioDecoder.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,189 @@
+#include <destrum/Audio/AudioDecoder.h>
+
+#include <destrum/Assets/AssetTypes.h>
+
+#include <algorithm>
+#include <cmath>
+#include <cstdlib>
+#include <cstring>
+#include <limits>
+
+#include <spdlog/spdlog.h>
+
+#define STB_VORBIS_HEADER_ONLY
+#include <stb_vorbis.c>
+
+namespace {
+    constexpr std::uint16_t FormatPcm = 1;
+    constexpr std::uint16_t FormatFloat = 3;
+    constexpr std::uint16_t FormatExtensible = 0xFFFE;
+
+    // OpenAL only has mono and stereo formats in core
+    constexpr int MaxChannels = 2;
+
+    [[nodiscard]] std::uint16_t ReadU16(std::span<const std::uint8_t> bytes, std::size_t offset)
+    {
+        return static_cast<std::uint16_t>(bytes[offset] | (bytes[offset + 1] << 8));
+    }
+
+    [[nodiscard]] std::uint32_t ReadU32(std::span<const std::uint8_t> bytes, std::size_t offset)
+    {
+        return static_cast<std::uint32_t>(bytes[offset]) |
+               (static_cast<std::uint32_t>(bytes[offset + 1]) << 8) |
+               (static_cast<std::uint32_t>(bytes[offset + 2]) << 16) |
+               (static_cast<std::uint32_t>(bytes[offset + 3]) << 24);
+    }
+
+    [[nodiscard]] bool Tag(std::span<const std::uint8_t> bytes, std::size_t offset, const char (&tag)[5])
+    {
+        return std::memcmp(bytes.data() + offset, tag, 4) == 0;
+    }
+
+    [[nodiscard]] std::int16_t FloatToPcm(float value)
+    {
+        return static_cast<std::int16_t>(std::lround(std::clamp(value, -1.0f, 1.0f) * 32767.0f));
+    }
+
+    [[nodiscard]] std::int16_t ReadSample(std::span<const std::uint8_t> data, std::size_t offset,
+                                          std::uint16_t format, std::uint16_t bits)
+    {
+        if (format == FormatFloat) {
+            float value = 0.0f;
+            const std::uint32_t raw = ReadU32(data, offset);
+            std::memcpy(&value, &raw, sizeof(value));
+            return std::isfinite(value) ? FloatToPcm(value) : std::int16_t{0};
+        }
+
+        switch (bits) {
+        case 8:
+            return static_cast<std::int16_t>((static_cast<int>(data[offset]) - 128) << 8);
+        case 16:
+            return static_cast<std::int16_t>(ReadU16(data, offset));
+        case 24:
+            return static_cast<std::int16_t>(data[offset + 1] | (data[offset + 2] << 8));
+        default:
+            return static_cast<std::int16_t>(ReadU32(data, offset) >> 16);
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+std::optional<AudioData> AudioDecoder::DecodeWav(std::span<const std::uint8_t> bytes)
+{
+    if (bytes.size() < 12 || !Tag(bytes, 0, "RIFF") || !Tag(bytes, 8, "WAVE")) {
+        return std::nullopt;
+    }
+
+    std::uint16_t format = 0;
+    std::uint16_t channels = 0;
+    std::uint32_t sampleRate = 0;
+    std::uint16_t blockAlign = 0;
+    std::uint16_t bits = 0;
+    std::span<const std::uint8_t> data;
+    bool hasFormat = false;
+    bool hasData = false;
+
+    std::size_t offset = 12;
+    while (offset + 8 <= bytes.size()) {
+        const std::size_t chunkSize = ReadU32(bytes, offset + 4);
+        const std::size_t chunkStart = offset + 8;
+        // Writers that stream sometimes leave the data size at 0xFFFFFFFF, take what is there
+        const std::size_t available = std::min(chunkSize, bytes.size() - chunkStart);
+
+        if (Tag(bytes, offset, "fmt ")) {
+            if (available < 16) {
+                return std::nullopt;
+            }
+            format = ReadU16(bytes, chunkStart);
+            channels = ReadU16(bytes, chunkStart + 2);
+            sampleRate = ReadU32(bytes, chunkStart + 4);
+            blockAlign = ReadU16(bytes, chunkStart + 12);
+            bits = ReadU16(bytes, chunkStart + 14);
+            if (format == FormatExtensible) {
+                if (available < 26) {
+                    return std::nullopt;
+                }
+                format = ReadU16(bytes, chunkStart + 24);
+            }
+            hasFormat = true;
+        } else if (Tag(bytes, offset, "data")) {
+            data = bytes.subspan(chunkStart, available);
+            hasData = true;
+        }
+
+        if (chunkSize > bytes.size() - chunkStart) {
+            break;
+        }
+        // Chunks are padded to an even size
+        offset = chunkStart + chunkSize + (chunkSize & 1u);
+    }
+
+    if (!hasFormat || !hasData) {
+        return std::nullopt;
+    }
+
+    const bool pcm = format == FormatPcm && (bits == 8 || bits == 16 || bits == 24 || bits == 32);
+    const bool floats = format == FormatFloat && bits == 32;
+    if ((!pcm && !floats) || channels == 0 || channels > MaxChannels || sampleRate == 0 ||
+        sampleRate > static_cast<std::uint32_t>(std::numeric_limits<int>::max())) {
+        spdlog::warn("Unsupported WAV: format {}, {} bits, {} channels, {} Hz", format, bits, channels, sampleRate);
+        return std::nullopt;
+    }
+
+    const std::size_t bytesPerSample = bits / 8u;
+    if (blockAlign < bytesPerSample * channels) {
+        return std::nullopt;
+    }
+
+    AudioData result;
+    result.channels = channels;
+    result.sampleRate = static_cast<int>(sampleRate);
+
+    const std::size_t frames = data.size() / blockAlign;
+    result.samples.reserve(frames * channels);
+    for (std::size_t frame = 0; frame < frames; ++frame) {
+        for (std::size_t channel = 0; channel < channels; ++channel) {
+            result.samples.push_back(ReadSample(data, frame * blockAlign + channel * bytesPerSample, format, bits));
+        }
+    }
+    return result;
+}
+
+std::optional<AudioData> AudioDecoder::DecodeOgg(std::span<const std::uint8_t> bytes)
+{
+    if (bytes.empty() || bytes.size() > static_cast<std::size_t>(std::numeric_limits<int>::max())) {
+        return std::nullopt;
+    }
+
+    int channels = 0;
+    int sampleRate = 0;
+    short* decoded = nullptr;
+    const int frames = stb_vorbis_decode_memory(bytes.data(), static_cast<int>(bytes.size()), &channels, &sampleRate, &decoded);
+    if (frames < 0 || decoded == nullptr) {
+        return std::nullopt;
+    }
+
+    AudioData result;
+    result.channels = channels;
+    result.sampleRate = sampleRate;
+    result.samples.assign(decoded, decoded + static_cast<std::size_t>(frames) * static_cast<std::size_t>(channels));
+    std::free(decoded);
+
+    if (channels <= 0 || channels > MaxChannels || sampleRate <= 0) {
+        spdlog::warn("Unsupported OGG: {} channels, {} Hz", channels, sampleRate);
+        return std::nullopt;
+    }
+    return result;
+}
+
+std::optional<AudioData> AudioDecoder::Decode(std::span<const std::uint8_t> bytes, std::string_view path)
+{
+    const std::string extension = AssetTypes::Extension(path);
+    if (extension == ".wav") {
+        return DecodeWav(bytes);
+    }
+    if (extension == ".ogg") {
+        return DecodeOgg(bytes);
+    }
+    spdlog::warn("Unsupported audio format: {}", path);
+    return std::nullopt;
+}

destrum/src/Audio/AudioSystem.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,331 @@
+#include <destrum/Audio/AudioSystem.h>
+
+#include <destrum/Audio/AudioDecoder.h>
+#include <destrum/FS/AssetFS.h>
+#include <destrum/Graphics/Camera.h>
+
+#include <AL/al.h>
+#include <AL/alc.h>
+#include <AL/alext.h>
+
+#include <algorithm>
+#include <array>
+#include <cmath>
+#include <exception>
+#include <utility>
+
+#include <glm/gtc/type_ptr.hpp>
+#include <spdlog/spdlog.h>
+#include <tracy/Tracy.hpp>
+
+namespace {
+    constexpr std::size_t MaxOneShots = 32;
+    // Above this the object teleported (respawn, camera cut), a doppler shift would only sound wrong
+    constexpr float MaxSpeed = 100.0f;
+    constexpr float VelocitySmoothingTime = 0.1f;
+
+    [[nodiscard]] ALint SourceState(ALuint source)
+    {
+        ALint state = AL_STOPPED;
+        alGetSourcei(source, AL_SOURCE_STATE, &state);
+        return state;
+    }
+}
+
+// Physics moves objects in fixed steps, so the raw per frame velocity jumps between 0 and a spike and doppler warbles
+glm::vec3 SmoothAudioVelocity(const glm::vec3& current, const glm::vec3& previous, const glm::vec3& smoothed, float dt)
+{
+    if (dt <= 0.0f) {
+        return smoothed;
+    }
+    const glm::vec3 velocity = (current - previous) / dt;
+    if (glm::length(velocity) > MaxSpeed) {
+        return glm::vec3{0.0f};
+    }
+    return glm::mix(smoothed, velocity, 1.0f - std::exp(-dt / VelocitySmoothingTime));
+}
+
+AudioClip::AudioClip(std::string path, std::uint32_t buffer, int channels, int sampleRate, float duration)
+    : m_Path(std::move(path))
+    , m_Buffer(buffer)
+    , m_Channels(channels)
+    , m_SampleRate(sampleRate)
+    , m_Duration(duration)
+{
+}
+
+AudioClip::~AudioClip()
+{
+    if (m_Buffer != 0 && AudioSystem::GetInstance().IsAvailable()) {
+        const ALuint buffer = m_Buffer;
+        alDeleteBuffers(1, &buffer);
+    }
+}
+
+AudioSystem::~AudioSystem()
+{
+    try {
+        Shutdown();
+    } catch (...) {
+    }
+}
+
+bool AudioSystem::Init()
+{
+    if (IsAvailable()) {
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    m_Device = alcOpenDevice(nullptr);
+    if (m_Device == nullptr) {
+        spdlog::warn("No audio device, sound is disabled");
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    m_Context = alcCreateContext(m_Device, nullptr);
+    if (m_Context == nullptr || alcMakeContextCurrent(m_Context) == ALC_FALSE) {
+        spdlog::warn("Could not create an OpenAL context, sound is disabled");
+        if (m_Context != nullptr) {
+            alcDestroyContext(m_Context);
+            m_Context = nullptr;
+        }
+        alcCloseDevice(m_Device);
+        m_Device = nullptr;
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    alDistanceModel(AL_INVERSE_DISTANCE_CLAMPED);
+    if (alIsExtensionPresent("AL_SOFT_source_spatialize") == AL_FALSE) {
+        spdlog::warn("AL_SOFT_source_spatialize is missing, stereo clips will not be positioned");
+    }
+    alListenerf(AL_GAIN, m_MasterVolume);
+
+    const ALCchar* name = alcGetString(m_Device, ALC_DEVICE_SPECIFIER);
+    spdlog::info("Audio device: {}", name != nullptr ? name : "unknown");
+    return true;
+}
+
+void AudioSystem::Shutdown()
+{
+    if (!IsAvailable()) {
+        return;
+    }
+
+    for (const OneShot& oneShot : m_OneShots) {
+        DestroySource(oneShot.source);
+    }
+    m_OneShots.clear();
+
+    while (!m_Sources.empty()) {
+        DestroySource(*m_Sources.begin());
+    }
+    m_PausedSources.clear();
+    m_Clips.clear();
+
+    alcMakeContextCurrent(nullptr);
+    alcDestroyContext(m_Context);
+    alcCloseDevice(m_Device);
+    m_Context = nullptr;
+    m_Device = nullptr;
+    m_Paused = false;
+    m_HasLastListenerPosition = false;
+}
+
+std::shared_ptr<const AudioClip> AudioSystem::LoadClip(std::string_view vpath)
+{
+    if (!IsAvailable() || vpath.empty()) {
+        return nullptr;
+    }
+
+    const std::string key{vpath};
+    if (const auto it = m_Clips.find(key); it != m_Clips.end()) {
+        return it->second;
+    }
+
+    ZoneScopedN("AudioSystem::LoadClip");
+    std::vector<std::uint8_t> bytes;
+    try {
+        bytes = AssetFS::GetInstance().ReadBytes(vpath);
+    } catch (const std::exception& e) {
+        spdlog::error("Could not read audio clip {}: {}", key, e.what());
+        return nullptr;
+    }
+
+    const auto data = AudioDecoder::Decode(bytes, vpath);
+    if (!data) {
+        spdlog::error("Could not decode audio clip {}", key);
+        return nullptr;
+    }
+    return CreateClip(key, *data);
+}
+
+std::shared_ptr<const AudioClip> AudioSystem::CreateClip(std::string path, const AudioData& data)
+{
+    if (!IsAvailable() || data.samples.empty() || (data.channels != 1 && data.channels != 2)) {
+        return nullptr;
+    }
+
+    alGetError();
+    ALuint buffer = 0;
+    alGenBuffers(1, &buffer);
+    alBufferData(buffer, data.channels == 1 ? AL_FORMAT_MONO16 : AL_FORMAT_STEREO16, data.samples.data(),
+                 static_cast<ALsizei>(data.samples.size() * sizeof(std::int16_t)), data.sampleRate);
+    if (const ALenum error = alGetError(); error != AL_NO_ERROR) {
+        spdlog::error("Could not upload audio clip {}: OpenAL error {:#x}", path, error);
+        alDeleteBuffers(1, &buffer);
+        return nullptr;
+    }
+
+    auto clip = std::make_shared<const AudioClip>(path, buffer, data.channels, data.sampleRate, data.Duration());
+    m_Clips[path] = clip;
+    return clip;
+}
+
+void AudioSystem::ReleaseUnusedClips()
+{
+    std::erase_if(m_Clips, [](const auto& entry) { return entry.second.use_count() == 1; });
+}
+
+std::uint32_t AudioSystem::CreateSource()
+{
+    if (!IsAvailable()) {
+        return 0;
+    }
+
+    alGetError();
+    ALuint source = 0;
+    alGenSources(1, &source);
+    if (alGetError() != AL_NO_ERROR) {
+        spdlog::warn("Out of OpenAL sources");
+        return 0;
+    }
+    m_Sources.insert(source);
+    return source;
+}
+
+void AudioSystem::DestroySource(std::uint32_t source)
+{
+    if (source == 0 || !IsAvailable() || !m_Sources.erase(source)) {
+        return;
+    }
+    std::erase(m_PausedSources, source);
+
+    const ALuint alSource = source;
+    alSourceStop(alSource);
+    alSourcei(alSource, AL_BUFFER, 0);
+    alDeleteSources(1, &alSource);
+}
+
+void AudioSystem::PlayOneShot(std::string_view vpath, const glm::vec3& position, const OneShotParams& params)
+{
+    auto clip = LoadClip(vpath);
+    if (!clip) {
+        return;
+    }
+
+    if (m_OneShots.size() >= MaxOneShots) {
+        DestroySource(m_OneShots.front().source);
+        m_OneShots.erase(m_OneShots.begin());
+    }
+
+    const std::uint32_t source = CreateSource();
+    if (source == 0) {
+        return;
+    }
+
+    alSourcei(source, AL_BUFFER, static_cast<ALint>(clip->GetBuffer()));
+    alSourcef(source, AL_GAIN, params.volume);
+    alSourcef(source, AL_PITCH, params.pitch);
+    alSourcei(source, AL_SOURCE_RELATIVE, params.spatial ? AL_FALSE : AL_TRUE);
+    alSourcei(source, AL_SOURCE_SPATIALIZE_SOFT, params.spatial ? AL_TRUE : AL_FALSE);
+    alSourcef(source, AL_ROLLOFF_FACTOR, params.spatial ? 1.0f : 0.0f);
+    alSourcef(source, AL_REFERENCE_DISTANCE, params.minDistance);
+    alSourcef(source, AL_MAX_DISTANCE, params.maxDistance);
+    const glm::vec3 sourcePosition = params.spatial ? position : glm::vec3{0.0f};
+    alSourcefv(source, AL_POSITION, glm::value_ptr(sourcePosition));
+    alSourcePlay(source);
+
+    m_OneShots.push_back({source, std::move(clip)});
+}
+
+void AudioSystem::SetListener(const glm::vec3& position, const glm::vec3& forward, const glm::vec3& up)
+{
+    m_ListenerPosition = position;
+    m_ListenerForward = forward;
+    m_ListenerUp = up;
+    m_ListenerSetThisFrame = true;
+}
+
+void AudioSystem::Update(float dt, bool paused, const Camera* fallbackListener)
+{
+    if (!IsAvailable()) {
+        return;
+    }
+    ZoneScopedN("AudioSystem::Update");
+
+    if (!m_ListenerSetThisFrame && fallbackListener != nullptr) {
+        SetListener(fallbackListener->GetPosition(), fallbackListener->GetForward(), fallbackListener->GetUp());
+    }
+    m_ListenerSetThisFrame = false;
+
+    if (!m_HasLastListenerPosition || paused) {
+        m_ListenerVelocity = glm::vec3{0.0f};
+    } else {
+        m_ListenerVelocity = SmoothAudioVelocity(m_ListenerPosition, m_LastListenerPosition, m_ListenerVelocity, dt);
+    }
+    m_LastListenerPosition = m_ListenerPosition;
+    m_HasLastListenerPosition = true;
+
+    const std::array orientation{
+        m_ListenerForward.x, m_ListenerForward.y, m_ListenerForward.z,
+        m_ListenerUp.x, m_ListenerUp.y, m_ListenerUp.z,
+    };
+    alListenerfv(AL_POSITION, glm::value_ptr(m_ListenerPosition));
+    alListenerfv(AL_VELOCITY, glm::value_ptr(m_ListenerVelocity));
+    alListenerfv(AL_ORIENTATION, orientation.data());
+
+    SetPaused(paused);
+
+    std::erase_if(m_OneShots, [this](const OneShot& oneShot) {
+        const ALint state = SourceState(oneShot.source);
+        if (state == AL_PLAYING || state == AL_PAUSED) {
+            return false;
+        }
+        DestroySource(oneShot.source);
+        return true;
+    });
+}
+
+void AudioSystem::SetMasterVolume(float volume)
+{
+    m_MasterVolume = std::max(volume, 0.0f);
+    if (IsAvailable()) {
+        alListenerf(AL_GAIN, m_MasterVolume);
+    }
+}
+
+void AudioSystem::SetPaused(bool paused)
+{
+    if (paused == m_Paused) {
+        return;
+    }
+    m_Paused = paused;
+
+    if (paused) {
+        for (const std::uint32_t source : m_Sources) {
+            if (SourceState(source) == AL_PLAYING) {
+                alSourcePause(source);
+                m_PausedSources.push_back(source);
+            }
+        }
+        return;
+    }
+
+    // Sources paused on purpose before the simulation paused stay paused
+    for (const std::uint32_t source : m_PausedSources) {
+        if (SourceState(source) == AL_PAUSED) {
+            alSourcePlay(source);
+        }
+    }
+    m_PausedSources.clear();
+}